2.135. 152-S1=-• vR (In a yin^ =1.0 J/K.2.136. AS = (n '^
(n-1) (OR
v —1) In T.
2.137. AS —v(+1).R v^ ln a 46 J/K.
71
2.138. V7n Vo/a (1 +1').
2.139. T = To+ (R/a) In (V/Vo)•2.140. AS = R In [(V (^2) — b)/(Vi — b)].
2.141. AS = Cv In (T 2 /T 1 ) + R In [(V 2 — b)/(Vi — b)].
2.142. S = aT 3 /3.
2.143. AS = m [a In (T 2 /T 1 ) + b (T 2 — T
Ti)] = 2.0 kJ/K.
2.144. C = Sin; C <0 for n <0.
2.145. T = Toes-sox. See Fig. 15.
2.146. (a) C= —air; (b) Q.- a In (T1/T (^2) );
(c) A = a In (Ti/T 2 ) + Cv T2)• (^) C<0
2.147. (a) = (n — 1)/2n; (b) = (n —
—1)/(n + 1).
2.148. AS = vR In n = 20 J/K. so
2.149. AU = (2Y- 1 — 1) RT 0 /(y —1), AS Fig. 15.
= R In 2.
2.150. The pressure will be higher after the fast expansion.
2.151. AS = v 1 R In (1 + n) + v 2 R In (1 + 1/n) = 5.1 J/K.
2.152. AS = m 1 c In l (T/Ti) + m^2 c^2 In (T/T 2 ) = 4.4 J/K, where
7' = (^) + m 2 c 2 T 2 )/(m1c1 + m 2 c 2 ), c 1 and c 2 are the specific
heat capacities of copper and water.
2.153. AS = Cv In (T 4T
- Ts)2
irg >0.
2.154. (a) P .112N; (b) N —hrog(t 2 IT) 80, where^10 -2 s is
the mean time which takes a helium atom to cover distances of
the order of the vessel's dimensions.
2.155. Op,. = Ar1/1(N/2)!P = 252. Pnia = 52p7.12N = 24.6%.
2.156. Po,—
N!
'
- 1/32, 5/32, 10/32, 10/32, 5/32, 1/32
n! (N—n)! 2N
respectively.
2.157. Pn=
n1 ovNI
where p.V /V°.2.158. d= ) 3 76/Icn 0 re= 0.4 fun, where no is Loschmidt's num-
ber; (n) = 1.0 .10^6.
2.159. Will increase S2/0 0 = (1 + AT/To)iNA/2 = 10^1 .31.10"
times.
2.160. (a) Ap = 4a/d = 13 atm; (b) Ap = 8a/d = 1.2.10-3 atm.
2.161. h = 4alpgd = 21 cm.
2.162. a = 1 / 8 pod (1. — re/n)/(11 2 — 1).
2.163. p = po + p gh 4a/d 2.2 atm.
2.164. h= [Po (n 3 — 1) + 4a (n 2 — 1)/d1/pg = 5 m.
2.165. Ah = 4a I cos 0 I (d 2 — dOldid 2 pg = 11 mm.
C>0