Estimating in Building Construction

Excavation 91

EXAMPLE 9-19 ASPHALT TAKEOFF

Determine the quantity of asphalt and subgrade material required
for the parking lot in the commercial building found in Appendix A.
Figure 9.45 is an excerpt of the parking lot while Figure 9.46 is a
cross-section. Assume that the asphalt required is 3 inches thick
and the subgrade is 6 inches thick.

FIGURE 9.46.Parking Lot Section. 

Web Resources

http://www.unitedrentals.com

http://www.dirtpile.com

http://www.cat.com

Review Questions

1. What type of information about the excavation can the
   estimator learn from the specifications?


2. How does the type of soil to be excavated affect the esti-
   mate?


3. What is the unit of measure in excavation?


4. How will the type of soil, shape of the excavation, and
   amount of work to be done affect the equipment selection?


5. What is the difference between a bank cubic yard, a
   loose cubic yard, and a compacted cubic yard? Why are
   they important in estimating excavation?


6. What is meant by cut and fill?


7. What does the estimator have to consider if there is a
   substantial amount of cut on the job? What if there is a
   substantial amount of fill?
   8. How can the estimator get an estimate of the depth of
   topsoil on the project?
   9. What type of excavation is considered to be general
   excavation?


8. How does general excavation differ from special
   excavation?


9. What is excess and borrow, and how are each considered
   in the estimate?


10. How will the possibility of a high water table or under-
    ground stream affect the bid?


11. What are piles, and under what conditions might they
    be required on the project?


12. Calculate the general excavation for the building shown
    in Appendix C.


13. Calculate the topsoil to be moved, put back around the
    building, and hauled away for Appendix C.


14. Calculate the crushed gravel and asphalt required for
    the parking lot for Appendix C.

FIGURE 9.45. Parking Lot.

Because of the special equipment required, the installation is virtually

always subcontracted.

Subgrade material246 tons

5.3 thousand sf

Subgrade material27.6 tons per 1,000 sf 6– thick

Asphalt104 tons

5.3 thousand sf

Asphalt19.5 tons per 1,000 sf 3– thick

Total area5,337 sf

555 sf

Area 4[(53.0¿23.5¿)14.5¿)]> 2

Area 315.5¿23.5¿364 sf

Area 220.5¿98.0¿2,009 sf

Area 123.5¿102.5¿2,409 sf