0071643192.pdf

INDICATION

■ Relieve upper airway obstruction from tongue in the unconscious or semi-
conscious patient.
■ Adjunct to BVM ventilation

CONTRAINDICATION

■ The oropharyngeal airway should notbe used on the patient with an intact
gag reflex(risk of vomiting).

PROCEDURE

■ Oropharyngeal airway
■ Insert the device while inverted →rotate 180° once well into the
mouth→advance distal end into the hypopharynx.
■ This technique is not recommended for pediatric patients.
■ Orcompress the tongue with a tongue depressor and advance the
device without inversion.
■ Nasopharyngeal airway
■ Gently advance into a nostril until the flared end is resting against the
nasal orifice.

COMPLICATIONS

■ Epistaxis (nasopharyngeal airway)
■ Vomiting and aspiration
■ Worsened obstruction from improper placement (oropharyngeal airway)

BAG-VALVEMASKVENTILATION

INDICATION

■ Inadequate oxygenation or ventilation, as bridge to intubation

PROCEDURE

■ Open airway via jaw thrust and naso- or oropharyngeal airway.
■ Position mask to cover mouth and nose.
■ Single-handed mask hold: Thumb and index fingers on mask with
remaining fingers wrapped around mandible. This is a difficult tech-
nique but may be necessary for a single rescuer.
■ Two-handed technique: Thumb and index fingers on either side of
mask with remaining fingers wrapped around mandible.
■ Lift mandibleinto mask to form seal.
■ Two-handed mask hold obtains better seal!
■ Squeeze bag and administer volume necessary to achieve chest rise.
■ Verify oxygen flow rate of 15 L/min.
■ Avoid pop-off valves (if present).

COMPLICATIONS

■ Inadequate mask seal
■ Inadequate ventilation
■ Gastric distention →emesis and aspiration.
■ Insufflation of vomitus/blood/debris into trachea

RESUSCITATION

If you can’t bag a patient, add

naso- and oropharyngeal

airways, reposition head, and

try again.

A patient who easily tolerates

an oral airway needs

intubation.

What is the appropriate

volume to administer with

BVM? One that achieves

chest rise.

Avoid pop-off valves as airway

pressure in emergency

conditions often exceeds the

valve pressure.