0071643192.pdf

HEMATOLOGY, ONCOLOGY, ALLERGY,

AND IMMUNOLOGY

TREATMENT

■ O 2 supplementation

■ Antibiotics: Macrolide or cephalosporin

■ Hydration

■ Analgesia

■ Exchange transfusionfor multiple lobe involvement, hypoxia, worsening

disease

SPLENICSEQUESTRATIONCRISIS

Rapid sequestration of RBCs in spleen causing splenomegaly and severe

anemia; occurs in children6 months to 6 years old

SYMPTOMS/EXAM

■ Abdominal pain, pallor, shock, splenomegaly

DIAGNOSIS

■ Very low hemoglobin with evidence for reticulocytosis

TREATMENT

■ Hemodynamic support

■ PRBC transfusion

■ Splenectomy for recurrent events

APLASTICCRISIS

Sudden decrease in hemoglobin production by bone marrow resulting in severe

anemia; usually precipitated by infection (parvovirus B19)

SYMPTOMS/EXAM

■ Pallor, lethargy, shock

DIAGNOSIS

■ Very low hemoglobin without reticulocytosis

TREATMENT

■ Hemodynamic support

■ PRBC transfusion

STROKE

May be thrombotic or hemorrhagic

SYMPTOMS/EXAM

■ Aphasia, hemiparesis, vision changes

DIAGNOSIS

■ CT, MRI