CHAPTER 2. ALGEBRA101.
~
~
~
N å åN
å−
= I=~≠MK==
102.
O
~ ~ Ä
O
~ ~ Ä
~ Ä
O − O−
±
+ −
± = =
=
103.
~ Ä
~ Ä
~ Ä
N
−
=
±
m
==
=
=2.5 Logarithms
=
mçëáíáîÉ=êÉ~ä=åìãÄÉêëW=ñI=óI=~I=ÅI=â=
k~íìê~ä=åìãÄÉêW=å==
=
=- aÉÑáåáíáçå=çÑ=içÖ~êáíÜã=
ó=äçÖ~ñ=áÑ=~åÇ=çåäó=áÑ=ñ=~óI=~>MI=~≠NK=
=- äçÖ~N=M=
=- äçÖ~~=N=
=-
+∞ <
−∞ >
=
áÑ~ NáÑ~ N
äçÖ~M ==- äçÖ~()ñó =äçÖ~ñ+äçÖ~ó=
=- äçÖ ñ äçÖ ó
ó
ñ
äçÖ~ = ~ − ~ =