42.A 20-year-old man arrives in the emergency room by ambulance. He
has taken an overdose of “goof balls” (Phenobarbital) he obtained from a
drug dealer on the street. In a hepatocyte from this patient, what is occur-
ring in the organelle labeled with arrows in the accompanying transmission
electron micrograph?
Cell Biology: Cytoplasm 109(Micrograph Courtesy of Dr. Robert Bolender.)
a. Oxidative demethylation
b. Decreased P450 expression
c. Decreased solubility of the phenobarbital
d. Increased synthesis of enzymes for detoxification
e. Destruction of the phenobarbital by acid hydrolases
43.Which of the following mechanisms is used to establish the mito-
chondrial electrochemical gradient?
a. The action of ATP synthase
b. Transfer of electrons from NADH to O 2 in the intermembrane space
c. Pumping of protons into the mitochondrial matrix by respiratory chain activity
d. Proton-translocating activity in the inner membrane
e. Transport of ATP out of the matrix compartment by a specific transporter