0071509674.pdf

• An apical pulseis palpable at the point of maximal impulse (PMI) in the
  fifth intercostal space just beneath the nipple.


• Ventricular coronary flowoccurs during ventricular diastole when a
  pressure differential occurs between the left ventricle and the aorta.

50 Anatomy, Histology, and Cell Biology

Coronary sulcus Between atria and Right side contains the right

ventricles; nearly coronary artery, and small

vertical behind sternum; cardiac vein; crossed by

marks the annulus anterior cardiac veins

fibrosus that supports

the valves

Left side contains circumflex

branch of the left coronary

artery and coronary sinus

Anterior Between left and right Contains the anterior

interventricular ventricles; marks the interventricular branch of

sulcus interventricular septum the left coronary artery and

the great cardiac vein

Posterior Delineates the Contains the posterior

interventricular interventricular interventricular branch of

sulcus septum, posteriorly the right coronary artery

and the middle cardiac vein

CARDIAC FEATURES

Landmark Location Contents

• The papillary musclestake up the slack in the chordae tendineae to
  maintain the competence of the valvular closure as ventricular volume is
  reduced during blood ejection. The valves close passively.
  •A ventricular septal defectproduces a serious right-to-left shuntwith
  cyanosis-“blue-baby” syndrome-because left ventricular pressure
  exceeds that in the right ventricle. A large VSD is the principal factor in
  tetralogy of Fallot.