Power Supply Regulators Unit 3 – Series Voltage Regulator
In typical applications, input and output bypass capacitors are used to provide stability (prevent
undesired oscillations) to the circuit.
A bleeder resistor is used to maintain a minimum circuit load current.
The polarity of a specific voltage is determined by the reference point selected.
Unless noted, all voltages are with respect to circuit common.
Since the input (collector) of Q1 (an NPN transistor) is more positive than the output (emitter) of
Q1, VCE of Q1 is measured as shown.