769Nonterminal symbol, 43, 44
Normalization, and precision, 597
Not a number (NaN) value, 110
notDone flag, 232
Not equal to operator (!=), 156
NOT operator (!), 161, 162, 164, 481
Nouns, 277, 402
Noyce, Robert, 374
null, 256, 488
and one-dimensional arrays, 512
testing for in Boolean expression, 217
NullPointerException, 228
null statement (;), 74, 171
null String, 228
num, 110
Number Format Error message, 130
NumberFormatException, 230, 231, 416, 420,
433, 462, 468
Number, and event loops, 393
Numbers, incorrectly formed, 140
Numerical analysis, 164, 598
Numerical data, input of, 141
Numerical errors, avoiding, 581
Numeric data types, 103–106, 141
choosing, 602
floating-point types, 106
integral types, 103–105
NumericHandlerclass, 416
CRC card for, 414
Numeric types
declarations for, 106–108
predefined classes corresponding to
built-in, 130
Numeric values, 155
converting input string to, 140
string conversion of, 118, 130
numItems, 531, 534, 540, 547
Nygaard, Kristen, 325
O
Oak language, 113
Object-based design, 27
Object class, 285, 333, 335, 336, 357, 367
Object code, 11, 194
ObjectExpression, 435
ObjectFileReadclass, 357
screen output from, 358
Object files, 367
ObjectFileWriteclass, 356–357
ObjectInputStreamclass, 355, 358, 367
constructors for, 365
writeObject applied to, 357
Object names, with instance methods, 140
Object-oriented design, 269, 270, 274–277,
314, 325, 336
goal of, 139
and inheritance, 328–333
Object-oriented implementation, 289–294
class interface design, 289–290
internal data representation, 291–292
responsibilities as methods, 292–294
Object-oriented languages, 46, 367
Object-oriented problem solving, 29, 34,
50, 275–276
Object-oriented programming, 84, 113
application development simplified
with, 134
and encapsulation, 177
overview of, 4–9
and polymorphism, 561
Object-oriented programming languages,
18–20, 271
classes with, 27
early, 325
ObjectOutputStreamclass, 355, 358, 361, 365,
367
ObjectOutputStreamobject, 359
Object-Pascal, 271
Objects, 5, 19, 26, 33, 34, 50, 270, 275, 315,
335
anonymous, 69
arrays of, 497–500, 500
assignment of primitive types versus,63
assignment of to variables, 100, 101, 102
changing through any of its references,
102
classes, variables, and, 272
data abstraction of, 290
definition of, 271
general sense of, 51
identification of in problem, 274
identifying classes of in problem, 277
instantiating, 87
in Java, 51