30 ACCOUNTING FOR MANAGERS
Table 3.4 Balance Sheet
Assets Liabilities
Equipment 25,000 Creditors 6,000
Inventory 11,000 Capital –
Debtors 5,000 Owner’s original investment 50,000
Bank 16,000 Plus profit for period 1,000
Total capital 51,000
Total assets 57,000 Total liabilities plus capital 57,000
The Balance Sheet lists the assets and liabilities of the business, as shown in
Table 3.4.
The Balance Sheet mustbalance, i.e. assets are equal to liabilities. Although
shown separately, capital is a type of liability as it is owed by the business to its
owners. The double-entry system records the profit earned by the business as an
addition to the owner’s investment in the business:
assets=liabilities+capital
This is called theaccounting equation. However, a more common presentation of
the Balance Sheet is in a vertical format, as follows:
Assets:
Equipment 25,000
Inventory 11,000
Debtors 5,000
Bank 16,000
57,000
Less liabilities:
Creditors 6,000
51,000
Capital:
Owner’s original investment 50,000
Plus profit for period 1,000
51,000
The accounting equation can therefore be restated as:
capital (£51,000)=assets (£57,000)−liabilities (£6,000)
There are some important points to note about the above example:
1 The purchase of equipment of £25,000 has not affected profit (although we will
consider depreciation in Chapter 6).