Chapter 3 • Financial statements and their interpretation
Interest cover ratio
The ratio for Jackson plc for 2008 is:
=4.5 times
This ratio looks at how many times the interest could be met from the profits. It is
therefore some measure of how easily the business is able to meet its interest payment
obligations.
Investors’ ratios
Investors’ ratios are concerned with looking at the business from the point of view of
a shareholder, perhaps owning shares in a stock exchange listed business. These ratios
are of the type that appear in the financial pages of newspapers. Two of those that we
shall be considering are partly based on the current market price of the shares. We
shall work on the basis that Jackson plc’s ordinary shares had a market value of £5.10
on 31 December 2008.
Earnings per share ratio
The ratio for Jackson plc for 2008 is:
=£0.39 (or 39p) per share
The earnings per share figure is the profit attributable to each share. It is not the div-
idend paid per share, unless all of the profit is paid as a dividend, which would be
unusual. We should bear in mind that the profit, or at least the wealth represented by
that profit, belongs to the shareholders whether it is paid to them or not. In Chapter
12 we shall consider whether shareholders prefer to receive dividends or to ‘plough
back’ their profits.
Price/earnings ratio
The ratio for Jackson plc at 31 December 2008 is:
=13.1
5.10
0.39
Current market price per share
Earnings per share
78
200
Profit for the year
Number of ordinary shares
135
30
Operating profit
Interest charges