Fundamentals of Medicinal Chemistry

Oxoisophorone, 210

Oxy-haemoglobin, 6

Oxidases, 199

Palmitic acid, 20
Palmitoleic acid, 20

1-Palmitoylglycerol, 21

2-Palmitoylglycerol, 21

1-Palmitoyl-3-stearoylglycerol, 21

Paracetamol, 38, 73, 76, 103, 187, 191

Partial agonists, 147

Partition coefficients, (SeeQuantitative

structure-activity relationships)

Patents, 236–237

European patent convention, 237

Paris convention, 237

patent cooperation treaty, 237

Phenacetin, 185, 188

Phenetidine, 185

Penicillin, 136

Pentobarbitone, 168, 187

Peptides, (seeProteins)

Pethidine, 74, 185

Pharmacokinetics, 159–178, 190, 192, 193

administration, 159, 16

absorption, 159, 160, 177, 234

bioavailability, 53, 172, 173, 196, 231, 235

biological half life (t1/2), 165, 166, 177

calculation ofCmax, 176

calculation oftmax, 176

classification of pharmacokinetic properties,

160

clearance, 166 –169

distribution, 159, 160

drug design, 160 –161, 177–178, 193–195

elimination, 159,160, 161, 162, 169, 170, 177,

178, 234

elimination of metabolites192, 193

extraction (ratio), 168, 172, 173

first pass metabolism (first pass effect), 172,

177, 184, 185

half life, 165, 166, 177, 234

intravascular administration, 162–171

intravenous injection, 162, 163–166

intravenous infusion, 169

IV bolus, (SeeIntravenous injection)

loading dose, 177

life cycle of a drug, 159

models, 161–162

metabolism, 159, 160, 234

plateau plasma concentration, 177

Phase I metabolic reactions, (SeePhase I

metabolic reactions)

rate constants, 161, 164,

repeated oral doses, 176

steady state concentration, 169, 170, 171,

234

volume of distribution (Vd), 164

Pharmacophore, 41, 67, 71, 145

Pharmacodynamic phase (See drug action)

Phase I metabolic reactions, 186–190

hydration, 189

hydrolysis, 189

other reactions, 189

oxidation, 186–188

reduction 186, 189

Phase II metabolic reactions, 190–192

Phenols, 135, 185

Phenothiazine drugs, 77

Phenylalanine, 2

1-Phenyl-1-(2-pyridyl)ethanol, 68

Phosphatidyl lipids, 24

classification, 25

Phospholipids, 23

cell membranes, 25

classification, 24

N-Phosphonoacetyl-L-aspartate, 143

Phosphoramide, 195

Physostigmine, 42

a-Pinene, 23

Pirbuterol, 144

pIvalues (SeeIsoelectric points)

Plasmalogens, 24, 25

Plasma membrane, 131

Polar coordinates, 96

Polymerases, 155, 156

Polypeptide, 5

Polysaccharide, 10, 11, 17

metabolism, 18

naturally occuring, 18

nomenclature, 18

Prednisone, 74

Pregnenolone, acetate, 203, 204

Procainamide, 41, 68, 195

Procaine, 41, 195

Prodrugs, 51, 67, 181, 189, 194, 195–200

bioprecursor, prodrugs, 195

bipartate prodrugs, 196

carrier prodrugs, 195, 196, 197

cyclophosphamide, 195

282 INDEX