Fundamentals of Medicinal Chemistry

H

OH

CH H

CH 3 H

CH 3

CH 3

Menthol

(counter-irritant)

Eucalyptol

O

CH 3

CH 3

CH 3

Limonene

(Lemon grass oil)

Camphor

CH 3

CH 3 CH 2

β-Carotene (Precursor of vitamin A and anti-oxidant)

O

Figure 1.26 Examples of naturally occuring terpenes

O

R 1 O POR 2

OH

Figure 1.27 A disubstituted phosphate

Table 1.6 The classification of phospholipids according to the nature of

their R 1 group. R groups have long hydrocarbon chains, the same as those

found in fatty acids. The R groups in a particular molecule do not have to

have the same structures

Classification R 1

Phosphatidyl lipids

CH 2

CH 2

RCOO CH

RCOO

Ether phospholipids

CH 2

CH 2

CH

OR

RCOO

Plasmalogens

CH 2

CH 2

RCOO CH

O CH CHR

Sphingomyelins

CH 3 (CH 2 ) 12 CH CHCHCHCH 2

OH

RCONH

24 BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES