Pharmacology for Dentistry

434 Section 13/ Miscellaneous

Table 13.1.1. Vaccines for active immunization.

Type of Agent type Route of Immunization dose (primary & booster)

vaccine administration

LIVE VIRUS

Measles Live virus Subcutaneous Two doses at least 1 months apart and no

booster.

Measles-mumps- Live virus Subcutaneous 2 doses, first at 12-15 months & then 4-6 years.

rubella (MMR)

Varicella Live virus Subcutaneous Two doses, 4-8 weeks apart.

Yellow fever Live virus Subcutaneous One dose 10 days to 10 years before travel

and booster at every 10 yrs.

Rubella Live virus Subcutaneous One dose & no booster.

Mumps Live virus Subcutaneous One dose & no booster.

Polio virus Live viruses of Oral 3 doses, 4-8 weeks apart and booster dosage

vaccine, oral (OPV) all 3 serotypes at 18 months and 5 yrs.

INACTIVATED VIRUS

Polio virus vaccine Inactivated Subcutaneous Two doses, 4 to 8 weeks apart and a third

inactivated (IPV) viruses of all 3 dose 6 to 12 months after the second and

serotypes one-time booster dose for travellers.

Rabies Inactivated virus Intramuscular or Preexposure: 3 doses (IM or ID) at days 0, 7,

intradermal and 21 or 28.

Postexposure: 5 doses (IM only) at days 0, 3, 7,

14, and 28 and serologic testing every 6 months

to 2 years in persons at high risk.

Influenza Inactivated Intramuscular One dose (children ≤12 years of age should

virus or viral receive split virus vaccine only; children < 9 yrs

components who are receiving influenza vaccine for the first

time should receive 2 doses, administered at

least 1 month apart) and booster yearly with

current vaccine.

Hepatitis A Inactivated virus Intramuscular One dose (administer at least 2 to 4 weeks

before travel to endemic areas) and booster at

6 to 12 months for long-term immunity.

Hepatitis B Inactive viral Intramuscular Three doses at 0, 1, and 6 months.

antigen

BACTERIA

Typhoid, Ty 21a Live bacteria Oral Four doses given 2 days apart and booster 4

oral doses every 5 years.

Typhoid, heat-phe- Inactivated Subcutaneous Two doses ≥ 4 weeks apart & booster every

nol inactivated bacteria or intradermal 3 years.

Cholera Inactivated Subcutaneous, Two doses given at least 1 week apart, prefer-

bacteria intramuscular, ably 1 month apart & booster every 6 months.

or intradermal

Contd....