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This allows the localisation and identification of, for example, single copies of intracel- lular viruses and in the case of qPC ...

transfected into eukaryotic cells. Any expression of the reporter gene will be driven by the foreign DNA which must therefore co ...

(Fig. 6.43). DNase I is added and conditions favouring a partial digestion are then carried out. This limited digestion ensures ...

protein is present. The autoradiograph of a gel will contain a ladder of bands representing the partially digested fragments. Wh ...

by the transcription of areporter genesuch as theCATgene. The technique is not just confined to transcription factors and may be ...

of these techniques is that they allow animal models of human diseases to be created. This is useful since the physiological and ...

except for the terminal 3^0 end base. Thus, if the DNA contains the point mutation only the primer with the complementary sequen ...

techniques used to detect known or unknown mutations are indicated in Table 6.5. An extension of this principle is used in a num ...

specific conditions only detect the two alleles at a single locus and generate what have been termed DNA profiles because, unlik ...

as oligonucleotides or cDNAs deposited onto a solid surface. The solid support may be either glass or silicon and currently the ...

An extension of microarray technology may also be used to analyse tissue sections. This process, termedtissue microarrays(TMA), ...

carried out by using restriction enzyme mapping. Although this is not an unambiguous method of ordering clones it is useful when ...

ofE. coliand yeast genomes. This cycle of clone to fingerprint to contig is amenable to automation; however, the problem of clos ...

polymorphic STSs are useful since they may serve as markers on both a physical map and a genetic linkage map for each chromosome ...

subsequently be used to map the putative gene to a chromosomal region or be used itself as a probe to search a genomic DNA libra ...

Estimates indicate that as little as 10% of the genome appears to encode enzymes and proteins. Current estimates equate this to ...

in the gene encoding the enzyme that metabolises the drug. Thus, it is possible to analyse patient DNA prior to administration o ...

the elucidation of diseases that are multifactorial and involve a significant contribu- tion from environmental factors. One of ...

The production of modified crops and animals for farming and as producers of important therapeutic proteins is also one of the m ...

7 Immunochemical techniques R. BURNS 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Making antibodies 7.3 Immunoassay formats 7.4 Immuno microscopy 7.5 La ...