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Quantification of a given analyte is based on the construction of a calibration curve obtained using a pure, authentic sample of ...

Sample derivatisation Some functional groups, especially hydroxyl, present in a test analyte may comprom- ise the quality of its ...

11.3 High-performance liquid chromatography 11.3.1 Principle It is evident from equations 11.1 to 11.13 that the resolving power ...

Matrices and stationary phases Two main forms of matrix/stationary phase material are available, based on a rigid solid structur ...

Mobile phases The choice of mobile phase to be used in any separation depends on the type of separation to be achieved. Isocrati ...

commonly used form of constant displacement pump. Such pumps produce small pulses of flow and pulse dampeners are usually incorp ...

For reduction reactions the working electrode is normally mercury, and for oxidative reactions carbon or a carbon composite. Ma ...

into the mass spectrometer have been resolved in a number of ways that are discussed in detail in Chapter 9. Analytes may be det ...

and the term UPLC are both registered to Waters. The system operates up to 10 times faster than conventional HPLC and chromatogr ...

11.3.4 Perfusion chromatography The high resolution achieved by HPLC is based on the use of small diameter particles for the sta ...

11.4.2 Hydroxylapatite chromatography Crystalline hydroxylapatite (Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 ) is an adsorbent used to separate mix ...

the pharmaceutical industry to predict the ability of candidate drugs to be absorbed and distributed since they are good models ...

liquid stationary and mobile phases. It can be subdivided intoliquid–liquid chroma- tography, in which the liquid stationary pha ...

Reversed-phase HPLC is probably the most widely used form of chromatography mainly because of its flexibility and high resolutio ...

of bases, which would be present as cations, an alkyl sulphonate such as sodium heptanesulphonate would be used: RCOO þ R^04 Nþ ...

An alternative approach to the resolution of enantiomers is to use a chiral mobile phase. In this technique a transient diastere ...

strong exchangersbecause they are totally ionised at all normal working pH values, and carboxylate (–COO) and diethylammonium ( ...

decreases the viscosity of the mobile phase and thereby increases the efficiency of the separation. Choice of exchanger The choi ...

11.7 Molecular (size) exclusion chromatography 11.7.1 Principle This chromatographic technique for the separation of molecules o ...

For two analytes of different relative molecular mass andKdvalues,K^0 dandK^00 d,the difference in their elution volumes,VS, can ...