xviii(^9) PeterAvery(trans.),TheCollectedLyricsofHáfizofShíráz,PoemIII,p.21.
(^10) London:Allen&Unwin1958;reprintedSurrey:CurzonPress1994.
(^11) Seenote8above.
(^12) Oxford:OxfordUniversityPress2006.Seeparticularlypp.61ff.andtheIndexunder‘Preordination’
and‘Covenant’.
(^13) SeeZaehner,Zurvan:AZoroastrianDilemmaforanexpositionoftheconnectioninFirdausī’sconcept
ofpredestinationwithwhatwasinfactaZoroastrianheresy,thebeliefthatthecosmosisruledby
Time.
(^14) Qur’ān,VII,p.172.
(^15) For example, in the dialogue poem (Dīvān-i Ḥāfiẓ, ed. Khānlarī,ghazal194: 1) where the person
addressedrepliesGuftabihchashmharchihtūgū’īchunānkunand,wherethephrasebeginningwithbih
chashmcanbetranslatedas:‘Sure,whateveryousay,sotheywillact.’
(^16) Cf.R.Shafaq,Tārīkh-iadabīyāt-iĪrān,p.333,andArberry,FiftyPoems,p.16.
(^17) Arberry,FiftyPoems;Dīvān-iḤāfiẓ,ed.Khānlarī,cf.pp.ix–xabove.
(^18) Habības-Sīyar,III,p.315.
(^19) Baḥth dar āthār u afkār u aḥwāl-i Ḥāfiẓ,vol.1:Tārīkh-i ‘aṣr-i Ḥāfiẓ yā tārīkh-i fārs va maḍāfāt va iyālāt-i
mujāvarihdarqarn-ihashtum.
(^20) Dīvān-iḤāfiẓ,ed.Khānlarī,ghazal458:4.
(^21) SeeJ.ChristophBürgel’sarticle‘Ambiguity:AStudyintheUseofReligiousTerminologyinthePoems
ofHafiz’,inGlünzandBürgel(eds),Intoxication,EarthlyandHeavenly:SevenStudiesonthePoetHafizof
Shīrāz.
(^22) TranslationbyE.G.Browne,ChahārMaqāla,pp.49–50.
(^23) SeeA.J.Arberry,‘OrientPearlsAtRandomStrung’,pp.699–712.
(^24) Khwāndamīr,Habībal-siyar.
(^25) PeterAveryandJohnHeath-Stubbs(trans.),HafizofShīrāz:ThirtyPoems.
(^26) MirrorsoftheUnseen:JourneysinIran.
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