appears (rendered as Tawagalawas) in the Hittite records. Roman names from
this root are not numerous, but Cluvius, Clovatius, Cluatius, Cluentius, Cluil-
ius may be cited.^88
From other languages of ancient Europe we have Venetic Klutavikos and
Klutiiaris; Illyrian Vescleves, Clevas, Clevatus; Gaulish names beginning with
Clouto-, Cloto-, Cluto-.^89 There is a similar series of early German names:
Chlodobert, Chlodochar (> Lothar, Luther), Chlodmar, Chlodowald, Chlo-
dovicus (> Ludwig), Chlodulf (> Ludolf ), Clotichilda.^90 A fifth-century runic
inscription on one of the gold horns from Gallehus (Schleswig) gives us a
Hlewaasti ‘having fame from guests’, analogous to Greek Κλεο ́ ξενο.
Later we have Norse names such as Hlédís and Hlébarðr, and a Welsh Clotrí
(*luto-re ̄g-, ‘famed king’).
Fame won in combatThe winning of fame is associated especially with deeds of battle. The Vedic
storm-demons, the Maruts, go forth ‘like warriors, like ones hurrying
ready for battle, like s ́ravasyávah
̇
, fame-seekers’ (RV 1. 85. 8; cf. 132. 5). The
Zoroastrian prays for victory and conquest of all wrong-thinkers and
Dae ̄va-worshippers ‘so that I can obtain advantage and vohu sravah, good
fame’ (A ̄frı ̄naka ̄n 1. 11).
Many passages of the Iliad might be cited. Two will suffice. When Hector’s
wife Andomache tries to persuade him not to go and fight outside the city
wall, he persists in his resolve: he is schooled ever to be upstanding and fight
in the front line, ‘earning my father’s great κλο and my own’ (6. 446).
Achilles similarly rejects his mother’s attempt to hold him back, saying that
he will die when the time comes, ‘but now let me earn good κλο, and give
the Trojan women cause to lament’ (18. 121). Tyrtaeus (12. 31–4) preaches to
the Spartans: ‘His good κλο is never lost (qπο ́ λλυται), nor his name, but
even below the earth he becomes deathless (qθα ́ νατο), the man whom the
furious War-god kills as he acts the hero and stands firm and fights for his
land and his children’.
In the Lay of Igor (112) Svyatoslav remarks to his nephews, ‘You have soon
begun to harass the land of the Polovstians with your swords and to seek fame
(slavy) for yourselves!’ It is the same in the early Celtic literatures. At the great
battle of Catraeth Heini the son of Neithon ‘slew a great host to achieve fame’.
(^88) F. Solmsen (as n. 86), 149.
(^89) Lejeune (1974), 49, 249, 276; Krahe (1955–64), i. 61, 66, 68; Mayer (1957–9), i. 193, 359,
ii. 66, 125; D. Ellis Evans (as n. 80), 180 f.
(^90) F. Solmsen (as n. 86), 160, 162, 171; Schramm (1957), 18, 117.
- Mortality and Fame 401