Dollinger index

86 ENTREPRENEURSHIP

Type of innovationLocation of innovationBases of competitionProduction processDominant functionManagement roleModes of integrationOrganization structure

Introduction

Major product innovation

or invention

EntrepreneurProduct,

performance, or

novelty

Job shopEntrepreneurEntrepreneurInformal communicationFree form

Shakeout

ˆ

Major product innova-tion or invention

ˆ

Marketing and R&D

ˆ

Product, performance,or novelty

ˆ

Batch

ˆ

Marketing/R&D

ˆ

Sophisticated marketmanager

ˆ

Informal communica-tion, task forces andteams

ˆ

Functional organic

Growth

ˆ

Incremental product ormajor process innova-tion

ˆ

Marketing and produc-tion

ˆ

Product differentiationor price

ˆ

Islands of automation

ˆ

Marketing/production

ˆ

Administrator andintegrator

ˆ

Informal communica-tion, teams, projectmanager

ˆ

Project/matrix

Maturity

ˆ

Incremental product orprocess innovation

ˆ

Production

ˆ

Price, image, minordifferences

ˆ

Assembly line orcontinuous flow

ˆ

Production/sales andpromotion

ˆ

Steward

ˆ

Formal communica-tion, senior manage-ment, committees

ˆ

Functional bureau-cratic

TABLE 3.3 Forms of Technological Change Over the Product Life Cycle Stages

Product Life-Cycle Stage

SOURCE:

Adapted from W. Moore .and M. Tushman, “Managing Innovation over the Product Life Cycle.” In Tushman and Moore (eds.),

Readings in the Management

of Innovation

(Boston: Pitman Press, l982): 143.