drug-eluting stents 197
drug interactions 71–8
alcohol 442
antacids 249
anticonvulsants 139, 141
benzodiazepines 108
enzyme induction 27–8
see alsocytochrome P450 enzymes
harmful 73–7
trivial 72–3
useful 72
warfarinseewarfarin, drug interactions
see alsoalternative medicines; specific drugs
ductus arteriosus 46, 313
duloxetine 279
dutasteride 314
dyskinesias 129
tardive 112
see alsoextrapyramidal symptoms
dyslipidaemia 179
drugs for 180–4
nicotinic acid derivatives for 267
dyspepsia, pregnancy 49
dysrhythmias seecardiac dysrhythmias
dystonias
antipsychotic drugs 112
idiopathic 129
levodopa 126
metoclopramide 132
‘e’ antigen, hepatitis B virus 261
echinacea 99
echinocandins 343–4
ecstasy (MDMA) 437
ectopic beats, ventricular 218, 222
eczema (dermatitis) 66–7, 413–14, 417, 418
edrophonium 130
efalizumab 415
efavirenz 355
efflux, into gastrointestinal tract 20
eflornithine 412
eicosapentanoic acid 181
elderly patients 56–61
depression 122
hypnotics 58, 107
systolic hypertension 195
electrocardiography, cardiopulmonary
resuscitation 221
electrolyte balance
drug interactions 75
see alsohypokalaemia
electromechanical dissociation 221
elimination of drugs 11–12
children 53
dialysis 13, 446, 448
drug interactions 76–7
elderly patients 57
enhancement for poisoning 446
heart failure 35
lithium 122
by metabolism 24
see alsokidney
elimination rate constant (kel)13
embryo, drugs on 46
embryonic stem cells 95–6
emergencies
anaphylaxis 405
behavioural 114–15
delirium tremens 441
glaucoma 425, 426
status epilepticus 139, 140
see alsopoisoning; pulmonary oedema;
resuscitation
EMLA (topical anaesthetic) 153
emollients 413
emphysema 235–6
1 -antitrypsin deficiency 243
emtricitabine 354
encephalopathy
hepatic 260–2
Wernicke’s 440, 442
end-points, clinical trials 87
endogenous analgesic peptides 159–60
endoscopy, gastric ulcers 249
enfuvirtide 357
Enterobius vermicularis, drugs for 365
enterohepatic circulation 260
activated charcoal on 446
methotrexate 375
enzymes
anticonvulsants on 137, 139
gastrointestinal tract mucosa 28
induction 27–8, 76
anticonvulsants 137
inhibition 28
saturation 15
see alsocytochrome P450 enzymes; pancreatic
enzyme replacement
epidermal growth factor receptor TKIs 381
epidural anaesthesia 153
epidural analgesia 160
epilepsy 133–40, 142
antidepressants 122
epinephrineseeadrenaline
eplerenone 193, 200, 214, 276, 305
epoietin 393
epoietin alfa, red cell aplasia 394
epoprostenol 208–9
erectile dysfunction 280
drugs causing 314–15
ranitidinevscimetidine 251
treatment 315
ergocalciferol 298
ergometrine 313
ergot derivatives
fibrosis 126, 127, 144
migraine and 142, 144
for Parkinson’s syndrome 126
erlotinib 381
erythema, toxic, drugs causing 418
erythema multiforme, drugs causing 418
erythema nodosum, drugs causing 418
erythroderma, drugs causing 418
erythromycin 328–9
carbamazepine and 141
ciclosporin and 402
theophylline and 239
erythropoietin 392–4
hypertension 396
esmolol 224
essential fatty acids 268
essential hypertension 187
esterases 25
estimated glomerular filtration rate 57
etanercept
autoimmune diseases 171
as immunosuppressant 404
psoriasis 415
ethacrynic acid, gastrointestinal bleeding 65
ethambutol 335
ethanolseealcohol; alcoholism
ethics committees 91
ethinylestradiol 307, 308
for acne 411
for alopecia 412
ethionamide 338
ethosuximide 138
etidronate 299
etomidate 149
etoposide 379
everolimus 403exclusion criteria, clinical trials 88
excretion seeelimination of drugs
exfoliative dermatitis, drugs causing 418
exophthalmos 295
expectorants 242
exponential curves, drug concentration 12
extracellular water, pregnancy 47
extradural route 22
epidural anaesthesia 153
epidural analgesia 160
extrapyramidal symptoms 112, 114, 129
metoclopramide 254
extravasation, cytotoxic drugs 370
eye 423–9
amiodarone 224
drug absorption 21, 423, 429
drugs having adverse effects on 428
Graves’ disease 295
topiramate on 138
vigabatrin on 138
see alsoglaucoma
ezetimibe 181 , 182
factor VIIa 395
factor VIII, recombinant 92, 395
factor IX 395
famciclovir 347
familial hypercholesterolaemia 82–3
fasciculations, suxamethonium 151, 152
fascioliasis, drug for 366
fatty acids, essential 268
febrile convulsions 140
felypressin, with local anaesthetics 153
fenofibrate 182
fentanyl 150, 161
ferritin 389
fetal alcohol syndrome 50, 440
fetogenic stage of pregnancy 46
fetus, drugs on 45–50
ACEIs 188
contraceptives 50
opioids 48
phenytoin 136
stilbestrol 47
tetracyclines 329
see alsoteratogenesis
fexofenadine 405 , 406
fibrates 181 , 182–3
fibre, dietary 256, 257, 264
fibrinolytics, ischaemic heart disease 199, 202–3
fibrosis, ergot derivatives 126, 127, 144
filariasis, drug for 366
filgrastim 394
finasteride 314
first-order elimination of drugs 11
first-order kinetics, cytotoxic drugs 368
first-pass metabolism (presystemic) 17, 18, 28–9
fish oils 181
fixed eruptions, drugs causing 418
flucloxacillin 326
fusidic acid with 329
fluconazole 342
flucytosine 344
HIV infection 359
fludarabine 377
fludrocortisone 305
fluid balance, drug interactions 75
fluid replacement
oral rehydration preparations 258
post-operative 277
flumazenil 109
5-fluorocytosine seeflucytosine
fluoroquinolones
eye 427
theophylline and 239
4-fluoroquinolones 331456 INDEX