Glial cell
A nonconducting cell of the nervous system that provides support, insulation, and
protection for the neurons.
Globular protein
A polypeptide chain folded into a roughly spherical shape.
Golgi apparatus
(Cell and molecular biology) A cellular organelle that is part of the cytoplasmic membrane
system; it is composed of regions of stacked cisternae and it functions in secretory
processes.
Glomerulus
A ball of capillaries surrounded by Bowman's capsule in the nephron and serving as the site
of filtration in the vertebrate kidney.
Glottis
The opening between the vocal cords at the upper part of the larynx.
Glucagon
A peptide hormone secreted by pancreatic endocrine cells that raises blood glucose levels;
an antagonistic hormone to insulin.
Glucocorticoid
A corticosteroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex that influences glucose
metabolism and immune function.
Glucose
A six-carbon sugar (C 6 H 12 O 6 ); the most common monosaccharide in animals.
Glycerol
A three-carbon molecule with three hydroxyl ( ) groups attached; a glycerol molecule can
combine with three fatty acid molecules to form a fat or an oil.
Glycine
A nonessential amino acid. Glycine is the simplest amino acid. Chemical formula: C 2 H 5 NO 2
Glycocalyx
A fuzzy coat on the outside of animal cells, made of sticky oligosaccharides.
Glycogen
An extensively branched glucose storage polysaccharide found in the liver and muscle of
animals; the animal equivalent of starch.
ff
(ff)
#1