Microeconomics,, 16th Canadian Edition

Trade-Remedy Laws and Non-Tariff Barriers As tariffs in many countries were lowered over the years since the Second World War, c ...

Despite the benefits to consumers from low-priced imports, most governments use anti-dumping duties designed to protect their ow ...

Antidumping laws were first designed to permit countries to respond to predatory pricing by foreign firms. More recently, they h ...

(U.S.) subsidy in the same industry. This does not create a level playing field. Softwood lumber (spruce, pine, and fir) is used ...

Countervailing duties can be used to offset the effects of foreign export subsidies, but often they are nothing more than thinly ...

33.3 Current Trade Policy In the remainder of the chapter, we discuss trade policy in practice. We start with the many internati ...

increases. The GATT has since been replaced by the World Trade Organization (WTO), which continues the work of the GATT. Through ...

Regional Trade Agreements Regional agreements seek to liberalize trade over a much smaller group of countries than the entire WT ...

Canada and the European Union took effect. In 2018, Canada along with 10 other Pacific-Rim countries signed the Comprehensive an ...

Trade Creation and Trade Diversion A major effect of regional trade liberalization is to alter the pattern of production and tra ...

not because they are the cheapest source of supply, but because their tariff-free prices under NAFTA are lower than the tariff-b ...

The North American Free Trade Agreement The NAFTA dates from 1994 and is an extension of the 1989 Canada–U.S. Free Trade Agreeme ...

such laws be applied to products independent of where they are produced. For example, it would be against NAFTA rules to require ...

There are several other major provisions in NAFTA. 1. All tariffs on trade between Canada, the United States, and Mexico were el ...

Trade Creation. By and large, however, both the Canada–U.S. FTA and the NAFTA agreements worked out just about as expected by th ...

times as they are combined with other parts to assemble large components (e.g., engines and transmissions) before the entire car ...

There were also some pleasant surprises resulting from free trade. Two Canadian industries that many economists expected to suff ...

however, produced varieties of grapes not conducive to the production of high-quality wines, and with a captive domestic market, ...

Dispute Settlement. Finally, the dispute-settlement mechanism seems to have worked well. A large number of disputes have arisen ...

decisions were reached on national rather than professional grounds have been rare. The Current Threat to NAFTA With the electio ...