Leadership and Emotional Intelligence

Figure 2. 8
Chronology & Major Contributions of Select Adult Experiential & Situated Learning
Theorists

Experiential Learning. “Experience is the adult learner’s living textbook.”
(Lindeman, 1926, p. 7). This perspective was also shared by Yorks and Kasl (2002) and
is a hallmark philosophy of the Center for Creative Leadership (as stated on its web site,
retrieved from: http://www.ccl.org/leadership/about/ourPhilosophy.aspx)..) Experiential
learning is acquired knowledge of being through active participation (Heron, 2009)
between the participant’s inner self and the environment (Beard & Wilson, 2006), and
which results in changed behaviors (Halpern, 2004). Its premise is on the foundation “for
an approach to education and learning as a lifelong process that is soundly based in
intellectual traditions of social psychology, philosophy, and cognitive psychology” (Kolb,
1984, p. 3). In short, learning is transformed by experience (Kolb, 1984). In that regard,
the three types of learning proffered by Marquardt (2011a) – adaptive (past-oriented),
anticipatory (future-oriented), and action (energy-oriented) – are all grounded on an

Dewey

1916, 1938

Lindeman

1926

• •PragmatismExperiences
  and learning

Piaget

1920s-1960s

• Cognitive^
  focus cycles of -life


• Recognized learning^
  role of affect

Kolb

1984

• Experiential learning
  
  
  • Circular; model^
    continuous• Dialectic
  
  
  
  

WengerLave &

1991

• learning is Situated
  inherently social


• Complements experience

Illeris

2007, 2009

• Synthesized learning
  
  
  • Expansive theories^
    experiencenotion of