Dictionary of Chemistry [6th Ed.]
extra energy can come only from the internal, or thermal, energy of the substance. adiabatic process Any process that occurs wit ...
adulterantSee cutting agent. aerogel A low-density porous trans- parent material that consists of more than 90% air. Usually bas ...
air pollution (atmospheric pollu- tion)The release into the atmos- phere of substances that cause a variety of harmful effects t ...
are formed by oxidation of primary alcohols; further oxidation yields carboxylic acids. They are reducing agents and tests for a ...
that contains a ring of atoms and is aliphatic. Cyclohexane, C 6 H 12 , is an example. aliphatic compoundsOrganic compounds that ...
(formerly IIA) of the *periodic table: beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), cal- cium (Ca), strontium (Sr), and barium (Ba). The elem ...
biosynthesized from amino acids and classiÜed according to some struc- tural feature. A simple classiÜcation is into: the pyridi ...
reaction of alcohols with sodium or potassium metal. Alkoxides are salt- like compounds containing the ion R–O–. alkyd resin A t ...
*inhibition, binding of the inhibitor to an allosteric site inhibits the activ- ity of the enzyme. In an *allosteric enzyme, the ...
with stimulant and hallucinogenic properties. It is used illegally as a club drug. alpha-naphthol test A biochemi- cal test to d ...
[(HO) 3 AlOAl(OH) 3 ]2–, are also present. See also aluminium hydroxide. aluminiumSymbol Al. A silvery- white lustrous metallic ...
combination with aluminium sul- phate (known as red liquor); in the paper and board industry for sizing and hardening; and in ta ...
precipitated by seeding with material from a previous batch and this is then roasted at 1150–1200°C to give pure α-alumina, or a ...
amalgamAn alloy of mercury with one or more other metals. Most met- als form amalgams (iron and plat- inum are exceptions), whic ...
amidol 28 a C O NH 2 R amide group Amides ing the ammonium salt of the corre- sponding carboxylic acid. Amides can also be made ...
water-soluble organic compounds that possess both a carboxyl (–COOH) and an amino (–NH 2 ) group attached to the same carbon ato ...
30 a ! " #" # # $ # % " " ...
tonnes per year are used either di- rectly or in combination. Major uses are the manufacture of nitric acid, ammonium nitrate, a ...
small amounts of the ions NH 4 +and OH–. The combustion of ammonia in air yields nitrogen and water. In the presence of catalyst ...
formed naturally as a decay product of nitrogenous matter and is made commercially by various methods: the action of carbon diox ...
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