joliotium (Jl, 105)
rutherfordium (Rf, 106)
bohrium (Bh, 107)
hahnium (Hn, 108)
meitnerium (Mt, 109)
The ACU favoured a different set of
names:
mendelevium (Md, 101)
nobelium (No, 102)
lawrencium (Lr, 103)
rutherfordium (Rf, 104)
hahnium (Ha, 105)
seaborgium (Sg, 106)
nielsbohrium (Ns, 107)
hassium (Hs, 108)
meitnerium (Mt, 109)
A compromise list was adopted by
IUPAC in 1997 and is generally ac-
cepted:
mendelevium (Md, 101)
nobelium (No, 102)
lawrencium (Lr, 103)
rutherfordium (Rf, 104)
dubnium (Db, 105)
seaborgium (Sg, 106)
bohrium (Bh, 107)
hassium (Hs, 108)
meitnerium (Mt, 109)
Element 110 was named as darm-
stadtium in 2003 and element 111
was named roentgenium in 2004. So
far elements 112 (ununbium, Uub),
113 (ununtrium, Uut), 114 (ununqua-
dium, Uuq), 115 (ununpentium,
Uup), and 116 (ununhexium, Uuh)
are not ofÜcially named. All these el-
ements are unstable and have very
short half-lives.transaminationA biochemical re-
action in amino acid metabolism in
which an amine group is transferred
from an amino acid to a keto acid to
form a new amino acid and keto
acid. The coenzyme required for this
reaction is pyridoxal phosphate.trans effect An effect in the substi-
tution of inorganic square-planar
complexes, in which certain ligands
in the original complex are able todirect the incoming ligand into the
trans position. The order of ligands
in decreasing trans-directing power
is:
CN–>NO 2 >I–>Br–>Cl–>NH 3 >
H 2 O.transfer coefÜcientSymbol α. A
quantity used in the analysis of
processes in electrochemistry; it is
the fraction of the potential differ-
ence at the surface of an electrode
that assists charge difference in one
direction but discourages it in the
other direction. Its value lies between
0 and 1, frequently being about ½. It
is related to the slope of a graph of
the logarithm of the current against
the potential.
transformationThe conversion of
a compound into a particular prod-
uct, irrespective of the reagents or
mechanism involved.
transient speciesA short-lived in-
termediate in a chemical reaction.
transitionA change of a system
from one quantum state to another.
transition elementsA set of el-
ements in the *periodic table in
whichÜlling of electrons in an inner
d- or f-level occurs. With increasing
proton number, electronsÜll
atomic levels up to argon, which
has the electron conÜguration
1 s^22 s^22 p^63 s^23 p^6. In this shell, there
are 5 d-orbitals, which can each con-
tain 2 electrons. However, at this
point the subshell of lowest energy is
not the 3d but the 4s. The next two
elements, potassium and calcium,
have the conÜgurations [Ar]4s^1 and
[Ar]4s^2 respectively. For the next el-
ement, scandium, the 3d level is of
lower energy than the 4p level, and
scandium has the conÜguration
[Ar]3d^14 s^2. ThisÜlling of the inner d-
level continues up to zinc [Ar]3d^104 s^2 ,
giving theÜrst transition series.transamination 532t