Nursing Diagnoses in Psychiatric Nursing Care Plans and Psychotropic Medications

Substance-Related Disorders ●^89

OpioidsCraving for the drug, nausea/vomiting, Euphoria, lethargy, somnolence, apathy, dysphoria, impaired muscle aches, lacrimation or rhinor-judgment, pupillary constriction, rhea, pupillary dilation, piloerection drowsiness, slurred speech, or sweating, diarrhea, yawning, constipation, nausea, decreased fever, insomniarespiratory rate and blood pressure

Withdrawal symptoms appear within 6 to 8 hr after last dose, reach a peak in the second or third day, and disappear in 7 to 10 days. Times are shorter with meperidine and longer with methadone.

Phencyclidine Belligerence, assaultiveness,^ impulsiveness, psychomotor and relatedsubstancesagitation, impaired judgment, nystagmus, increased heart rate and blood pressure, diminished pain response, ataxia, dysarthria, muscle rigidity, seizures, hyperacusis, delirium

Delirium can occur within 24 hr after use of phencyclidine, or may occur up to 1 week following recovery from an overdose of the drug.

Sedatives, Nausea/vomiting, malaise, weakness, Disinhibition of sexual or aggressive impulses, mood lability, impaired hypnotics, tachycardia, sweating, anxiety, and^ irritability, orthostatic hypotension, anxiolyticsjudgment, slurred speech, incoordination, unsteady gait, tremor, insomnia, seizuresimpairment in attention or memory, disorientation, confusion

Withdrawal may progress to delirium, usually within 1 week of last use. Long-acting barbiturates or benzodiazepines may be used in withdrawal substitution therapy.
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