Substance-Induced Anxiety Disorder ological consequence of a general medical condition. Symptoms significompulsions.other important areas of functioning (APA, 2000). Symptoms include restlessness, feeling “on edge,” becoming easily fatigued, diffiinvolve intense anxiety, panic attacks, phobias, or obsessions or Anxiety Disorder Due to a General Medical ConditionT he s y mptom s of t h i s d i sorder a re judged to b e t he d i rec t phy si-● may include prominent generalized anxiety symptoms, panic attacks, or obsessions or compulsions (APA, 2000). Medical conditions that have been known to cause anxiety disorders may occur during substance intoxication or withdrawal and may neurological disorders.include endocrine, cardiovascular, respiratory, metabolic, and The a drug of abuse, a medication, or toxin exposure). The symptoms be caused by the direct physiological effects of a substance (i.e., this disorder as prominent anxiety symptoms that are judged to PREDISPOSING FACTORS TO ANXIETY culty concentrating, and irritability.DSM cant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or -IV-TR (APA, 2000) describes the essential features of Anxiety Disorders ●^163
1. 2. DISORDERSPhysiological a. b. c. a. Psychosocialof serotonin have been implicated in the etiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder.between the id and the superego, producing anxiety. For Genetic:Psychodynamic Theory: lent within the general population. It has been shown that they are more common among fiBiochemical:atives of people with the disorders than among the general population (APA, 2000).on the inability of the ego to intervene when conflMedical or Substance-Induced: been noted in panic and generalized anxiety disorders. caused by a variety of medical conditions or the ingestion of various substances. (Refer to previous section on cat-egories of anxiety disorders.) Abnormal elevations of blood lactate have also been noted in clients with panic disorder. Decreased levels Studies suggest that anxiety disorders are preva- Increased levels of norepinephrine have The psychodynamic view focuses Anxiety disorders may be rst-degree biological rel- ict occurs
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