Nursing Diagnoses in Psychiatric Nursing Care Plans and Psychotropic Medications

(^164) following conditions:● An individual may experience a panic attack under any of the SYMPTOMATOLOGY (SUBJECTIVE (^) AND OBJECTIVE DATA) b. ●^ As the predominant disturbance, with no apparent precipitant●is a loss of ability to reason regarding the problem, wheth-mechanisms results in maladaptive responses to anxiety.individual resorts to unconscious mechanisms to resolve Cognitive Theory: the conflis that faulty, distorted, or counterproductive thinking tions compromise the capacity to modulate anxiety, the emotional disorders (Sadock & Sadock, 2007). When there is a disturbance in this central mechanism of cognition, there is a consequent disturbance in feeling and behavior. Because of distorted thinking, anxiety is maintained by erroneous or dysfunctional appraisal of a situation. There various reasons (unsatisfactory parent-child relationship; er it is physical or interpersonal. The individual feels vulnerable in a given situation, and the distorted think-ing results in an irrational appraisal, fostering a negative outcome.ment is delayed. When developmental defects in ego func-conditional love or provisional gratifipatterns accompany or precede maladaptive behaviors and^ ALTERATIONS IN PSYCHOSOCIAL ADAPTATION ict. Overuse or ineffective use of ego defense The main thesis of the cognitive view cation), ego develop-
2506_Ch08_161-175.indd 0164 2506 Ch 08 161 - 175 .indSymptoms include the following (APA, 2000):Other symptoms of anxiety disorders include the following: 1. Restlessness, feeling “on edge,” excessive worry, being easily d 0 fatigued, diffiturbances (generalized anxiety disorder).● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 1 ● ● ● ● ● ● 64 Pounding, rapid heart rateTremblingIncreased perspirationFeeling dizzy or faintPain in the chestSense of impending doomDiffiFeelings of unreality (derealization and/or depersonalization)Feeling of numbness or tingling in the extremitiesFollowing a psychologically traumatic eventWhen exposed to a phobic stimulusFear that one is dying or going crazyWhen attempts are made to curtail ritualistic behaviorFeeling of choking or smothering culty breathing culty concentrating, irritability, and sleep dis- 1 10/1/10 9:35:03 AM 0 / 1 / 10 9 : 35 : 03 AM