der, childhood disintegrative disorder, pervasive developmen-on level of severity. These include autistic disorder, Rett’s disor- 1.Predisposing Factorsit runs a chronic course, with symptoms persisting into adulthood. Outcome Criterion 1. Client interacts with others in a socially appropriate manner.● in girls. Onset of the disorder occurs before age 3, and in most cases DefiAutistic disorder occurs about four times more often in boys than Autistic disorder is characterized by a withdrawal of the child into the self and into a fantasy world of his or her own creation. Activities and interests are restricted and may be considered somewhat bizarre. In 2009, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported that in the United States 1.1% of chil-dren aged 3 to 17 years had an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). tal disorder not otherwise specifiASD includes several disorders with similar symptoms based^20 Physiological^ b. a. AUTISTIC DISORDER ned●^ Neurological Factors.Genetics.among siblings of individuals with the disorder (APA, 2000). Studies with both monozygotic and dizygotic twins have also provided evidence of a genetic involvement. ALTERATIONS IN PSYCHOSOCIAL ADAPTATION An increased risk of autistic disorder exists Abnormalities in brain structures ed, and Asperger’s disorder.^
3. Bizarre responses to the environment, characterized by resis-Data) 1. Failure to form interpersonal relationships, characterized by 2. Impairment in communication (verbal and nonverbal) char-Symptomatology contact. In early childhood, there is a failure to develop coop-nonverbal expressions may be inappropriate or absent.tance or extreme behavioral reactions to minor occurrences; tic behaviors.unresponsiveness to people; lack of eye contact and facial re-sponsiveness; indifference or aversion to affection and physical echolalia, or inability to use abstract terms. Accompanying erative play and friendships.abnormal, obsessive attachment to peculiar objects; ritualis-acterized by absence of language or, if developed, often an immature grammatical structure, incorrect use of words, (National Institute of Mental Health [NIMH], 2009). and fragile X syndrome, also have been implicated.rological infections, congenital rubella, phenylketonuria, Certain developmental problems, such as postnatal neu-or functions have been correlated with autistic disorder (Subjective and Objective
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