●^48 to whom the person is attached.” Onset may occur as early as sive anxiety concerning separation from the home or from those 3. Help client understand that he or she uses this behavior in or-The APA (2000) defiDefipreschool age, rarely as late as adolescence, but always before age 2. Client willingly participates in new activities and situations. 1. Client verbalizes positive perception of self. 4. If client chooses to suppress tics in the presence of others, Outcome Criteria 5. Ensure that client has regular one-to-one time with staff or 18, and is more common in girls than in boys.^ better about self, the need to manipulate others will diminish.release of tics and assists in sense of control and manage-ment of symptoms.der to try to increase own self-esteem. Interventions should tics, feelings, and behaviors (alone or with staff ). reflnity to provide client with information about the illness and healthy ways to manage it. Exploring feelings about the illness helps client incorporate the illness into a healthy sense of self.SEPARATION ANXIETY DISORDER provide a specifisupport person. ned● ect other actions to accomplish this goal.^ ALTERATIONS IN PSYCHOSOCIAL ADAPTATION ed “tic time,” during which client “vents” One-to-one time gives nurse the opportu- nes separation anxiety disorder as “exces-When client feels Allows for^
2 2506_Ch02_014-053.indd Sec1:48 506 Ch 02 014 - 053 .ind 1. 2. Predisposing Factorsd S a. Physiological b. Psychosocial a. b. ec 1 :Stressful Life Events.the development of separation anxiety to the following dynamics within the family:disposition toward developing these disorders.hood. This may denote an inherited vulnerability or pre-to the acquisition of fear and anxiety disorders in child-temperamental characteristics at birth may be correlated ✈ Te m p e ra m e n t .Family Inflchildren with no such family patterns.problems develop anxiety disorders themselves than do number of children with relatives who manifest anxiety signifiGenetics.are predisposed to anxiety disorders may be affected ✈ 48 An overattachment to the mother (primary caregiver)Separation confl cantly by stressful life events. The results of studies indicate that a greater uences. Studies have shown that differences in icts between parent and childSeveral theories exist that relate Studies indicate that children who 1 10/1/10 9:33:26 AM 0 / 1 / 10 9 : 33 : 26 AM
