Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org
- The vestibular system, composed of structures in the inner ear, monitors the head’s position and movement,
maintaining the body’s balance. - Gate control theory explains how large and small neurons work together to transmit and regulate the flow of pain to
the brain.
EXERCISES AND CRITICAL THINKING
- Think of the foods that you like to eat the most. Which of the six taste sensations do these foods have, and why do
you think that you like these particular flavors? - Why do you think that women might have a better developed sense of smell than do men?
- Why is experiencing pain a benefit for human beings?
[1] Ikeda, K. (2002). [New seasonings]. Chemical Senses, 27(9), 847–849. Translated andshortened to 75% by Y. Ogiwara & Y.
Ninomiya from the Journal of the Chemical Society of Tokyo, 30, 820–836. (Original work published 1909); Sugimoto, K., &
Ninomiya, Y. (2005). Introductory remarks on umami research: Candidate receptors and signal transduction mechanisms on
umami. Chemical Senses, 30(Suppl. 1), Pi21–i22.
[2] Northcutt, R. G. (2004). Taste buds: Development and evolution. Brain, Behavior and Evolution, 64(3), 198–206.
[3] Kelling, S. T., & Halpern, B. P. (1983). Taste flashes: Reaction times, intensity, and quality. Science, 219, 412–414.
[4] Bensafi, M., Zelano, C., Johnson, B., Mainland, J., Kahn, R., & Sobel, N. (2004). Olfaction: From sniff to percept. In M. S.
Gazzaniga (Ed.), The cognitive neurosciences (3rd ed.). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
[5] Malnic, B., Hirono, J., Sato, T., & Buck, L. B. (1999). Combinatorial receptor codes for odors. Cell, 96, 713–723.
[6] Baysinger, C. M., Plubell, P. E., & Harlow, H. F. (1973). A variable-temperature surrogate mother for studying attachment in
infant monkeys. Behavior Research Methods & Instrumentation, 5(3), 269–272; Feldman, R. (2007). Maternal-infant contact and
child development: Insights from the kangaroo intervention. In L. L’Abate (Ed.), Low-cost approaches to promote physical and
mental health: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 323–351). New York, NY: Springer Science + Business Media; Haradon, G.,
Bascom, B., Dragomir, C., & Scripcaru, V. (1994). Sensory functions of institutionalized Romanian infants: A pilot
study. Occupational Therapy International, 1(4), 250–260.
[7] Field, T., Lasko, D., Mundy, P., Henteleff, T., Kabat, S., Talpins, S., & Dowling, M. (1997). Brief report: Autistic children’s
attentiveness and responsivity improve after touch therapy. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 27(3), 333–338;
Keltner, D. (2009).Born to be good: The science of a meaningful life. New York, NY: Norton.
[8] Melzack, R., & Wall, P. (1996). The challenge of pain. London, England: Penguin.
[9] Wall, P. (2000). Pain: The science of suffering. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.