Introduction to Psychology

(Axel Boer) #1

Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org


EXERCISES AND CRITICAL THINKING



  1. What languages do you speak? Did you ever try to learn a new one? What problems did you have when you did this?
    Would you consider trying to learn a new language?

  2. Some animals, such as Kanzi, display at least some language. Do you think that this means that they are intelligent?
    [1] Werker, J. F., & Tees, R. C. (2002). Cross-language speech perception: Evidence for perceptual reorganization during the
    first year of life. Infant Behavior & Development, 25(1), 121–133.
    [2] Rymer, R. (1993). Genie: An abused child’s flight from silence. New York, NY: HarperCollins.
    [3] Mayberry, R. I., Lock, E., & Kazmi, H. (2002). Development: Linguistic ability and early language exposure. Nature, 417(6884),


  3. [4] Lenneberg, E. (1967). Biological foundations of language. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons; Penfield, W., & Roberts, L.
    (1959). Speech and brain mechanisms. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
    [5] Johnson, J. S., & Newport, E. L. (1989). Critical period effects in second language learning: The influence of maturational
    state on the acquisition of English as a second language. Cognitive Psychology, 21(1), 60–99.
    [6] Hakuta, K., Bialystok, E., & Wiley, E. (2003). Critical evidence: A test of the critical-period hypothesis for second-language
    acquisition. Psychological Science, 14(1), 31–38.
    [7] Moon, C., Cooper, R. P., & Fifer, W. P. (1993). Two-day-olds prefer their native language. Infant Behavior & Development,
    16 (4), 495–500.
    [8] Saffran, J. R., Aslin, R. N., & Newport, E. L. (2004). Statistical learning by 8-month-old infants. New York, NY: Psychology
    Press.
    [9] de Boysson-Bardies, B., Sagart, L., & Durand, C. (1984). Discernible differences in the babbling of infants according to target
    language. Journal of Child Language, 11(1), 1–15.
    [10] Petitto, L. A., & Marentette, P. F. (1991). Babbling in the manual mode: Evidence for the ontogeny of language. Science,
    251 (5000), 1493–1496.
    [11] Mandel, D. R., Jusczyk, P. W., & Pisoni, D. B. (1995). Infants’ recognition of the sound patterns of their own
    names. Psychological Science, 6(5), 314–317.
    [12] Dobrich, W., & Scarborough, H. S. (1992). Phonological characteristics of words young children try to say. Journal of Child
    Language, 19(3), 597–616.
    [13] Werker, J. F., Pegg, J. E., & McLeod, P. J. (1994). A cross-language investigation of infant preference for infant-directed
    communication. Infant Behavior & Development, 17(3), 323–333.



Free download pdf