NON-CONVENTIONAL ENERGY RESOURCES AND UTILISATION 37- Large fossil power plants without emission control devices are emitting flay ash SOx , NOx ,
CO etc. in atmosphere resulting in pollution, ecological disasters, global warming, acid rains etc. En-
ergy, Environment and power plants are closely inter-linked.
Though the, nature supplies abundant non-conventional, the technologies for conversion are in
early stage of development and not yet commercially successful as against conventional. However, non-
conventional are on the path of slow rise all over the world.
Independent study of individual branch of science and technology does not give solution to
energy problems facing a man, society, nation and the world.
These limitations of isolated studies have focussed the attention of planners, economists, soci-
ologists, engineers, technologists, environmentalists etc. on the Integrated Energy Technology.
Energy technology integrates the energy aspects of various branches of science, with broad over-
view of various energy problems. Energy technology suggests alternative solutions within the frame-
work of available science and technological base and energy resources.
Each branch of engineering science has certain theories, laws, equations, units and dimensions.
Energy science co-relates the equations and analysis between various different branches of Engineering
Sciences.
Energy technology takes an overview of entire energy conversion process from raw energy input
to final delivery of secondary energy. This involves chemical, thermal, mechanical, electrical, bio, nu-
clear and other engineering sciences.
2.6 Law of Conservation of Energy
“Energy cannot be newly created. Energy cannot be destroyed. In a closed system, the total mass
and energy remains unchanged. In a closed system the energy is conserved”.
The law does not distinguish between useful and wasted energy. The law neglects ‘losses’ from
the closed system into the environment.
In an energy conservation process, energy is transmitted from one or more forms to another form/
forms resulting in certain work, heat transfer and energy loss.
In a closed system containing certain quantity of matter and energy, several energy transforma-
tions may take place from one form to another. The total mass and energy in the closed system remains
unchanged.2.7 Facts and Figures about Energy
These are the figures about energy of World Energy Production;
27% Coal
21% Natural Gas
39% Crude Oil
6% Nuclear
6% Hydro-electric Power
Fossil Fuels are 87% of the world’s energy production. Wind and Solar energy are less than 1%
of the world’s production.