The Decisive Battles of World History

Kedar, ed., The Horns of Hattin.

Nicolle, Hattin 1187.

Riley-Smith, The Crusades.

1. Do you think the Crusades were ultimately doomed to failure because
   of logistics and other factors, or might the Crusaders have established
   permanent kingdoms in the Holy Lands?


2. What factors contributed to the Crusaders’ defeat at Hattin, and which
   one was the most important?

Lecture 11: 1187 Hattin—Crusader Desert Disaster

Questions to Consider

Suggested Reading