d.12 hours is the average amount of sleep
needed by preschoolers.
e.Sleep needs generally decrease when physi-
cal growth peaks.
f.An average of 5 to 7 hours of sleep is gener-
ally adequate for older adults.
4.Which of the following statements accurately
describe factors that affect sleep patterns?
(Select all that apply.)
a.Excessive exercise promotes fatigue and
improves the quality of sleep.
b.Sleep disorders are the major problem
associated with shift work.
c.Sleep is not affected by watching television
or participating in stimulating outside
activities.
d.A small protein and carbohydrate snack is
recommended to promote sleep.
e.Large quantities of alcoholic beverages have
been found to limit REM and delta sleep.
f.Nicotine has a relaxing effect, and smokers
usually have an easier time falling asleep.
5.Which of the following describe the influences
of illness on sleep patterns? (Select all that
apply.)
a.Gastric secretions decrease during REM
sleep.
b.The pain associated with disease of the
coronary arteries and myocardial infarction
is more likely during NREM sleep.
c.Epilepsy seizures are more likely to occur
during NREM sleep.
d.Liver failure and encephalitis tend to cause
a reversal in day–night sleeping habits.
e.Hypothyroidism tends to increase the
amount of NREM sleep.
f.The administration of a larger mid-afternoon
dose of asthma medication may prevent
attacks that occur at night during sleep.
6.Which of the following are recommended
interventions for patients experiencing insom-
nia who are undergoing stimulus control?
(Select all that apply.)
a.Recommend that the patient use the
bedroom for sex and sleep only.
b.Instruct the patient to leave the bedroom
if he/she cannot get to sleep within 15 to
20 minutes; he/she should return to the
bedroom when sleepy.c.Instruct the patient to get up the same time
every day, no matter what time he/she fell
asleep.
d.Allow the patient to nap during the day if
he/she could not sleep during the night.
e.Instruct the patient to exercise moderately
1 hour before going to bed.
f.Encourage the patient to consume one or
two alcoholic drinks to help him/her relax
before bedtime.
7.Which of the following are types of sleep ther-
apies to treat insomnia? (Select all that apply.)
a.Sleep modification
b.Sleep hygiene
c.Cognitive behavioral therapy
d.Multifaceted therapy
e.Stimulus control
f.Multicomponent therapy
8.Which of the following statements accurately
describe common sleep disorders? (Select all
that apply.)
a.Sleep apnea refers to periods of absent
breathing between snoring intervals.
b.Patients with restless arm syndrome cannot
lie still and experience unpleasant crawling
or tingling sensations in the arms.
c.Sleep deprivation results from increased
NREM sleep and generally progresses to
total sleep deprivation if untreated.
d.Bruxism or sleepwalking is a common type
of somnambulism.
e.Enuresis involves bedwetting during sleep
and is a form of somnambulism.
f.Sleep-related eating disorder is a type
of parasomnia in which the patient eats
food but does not remember eating in the
morning.Prioritization Question
1.Place the following stages of a sleep cycle in
the order in which they would normally occur.
a.NREM stage III
b.NREM stage I
c.NREM stage II
d.Wakefulness
e.REM
f.NREM stage IVCHAPTER 34 REST AND SLEEP 217
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