DEVELOPING YOUR KNOWLEDGE BASE
FILL-IN-THE-BLANKS
1.Sensory reception
2.Kinesthesia
3.Stereognosis
4.Impaired memory
5.Sensory deficit
MATCHING EXERCISES
1.h 2.d 3.a 4.c 5.b
6.f 7.e 8.a 9.c 10.d
11.b 12.c 13.d 14.b 15.a
SHORT ANSWER- a.A stimulus, an agent, act, or other influence capa-
ble of initiating a response by the nervous system
b.A receptor or sense organ must receive the stim-
ulus and convert it into a nerve impulse.
c. The nerve impulse must be conducted along a
nervous pathway from the receptor or sense
organ to the brain.
d.A particular area in the brain must receive and
translate the impulse into a sensation.
2.Sample answers:
a.Environment: A patient with AIDS in isolation
is at high risk for sensory deprivation.
b.Impaired ability to receive environmental stim-
uli: A patient who is visually impaired is at high
risk for sensory deprivation.
c. Inability to process environmental stimuli: A
patient who is confused cannot process
environmental stimuli. - a.Perceptual responses: Inaccurate perception of
sights, sounds, tastes, smells, and body
position; poor coordination and equilibrium;
mild to gross distortions in perception, ranging
from daydreams to hallucinations
b.Cognitive responses: Inability to control the
direction of thought content; decreased attention
span and ability to concentrate; difficulty with
memory, problem solving, and task performance
c. Emotional responses: Inappropriate emotional
responses: apathy, anxiety, fear, anger, belliger-
ence, panic, depression; rapid mood changes
4.Sample answers:
a.A patient is disoriented by the strange sights,
odors, and sounds in a CCU.
b.A burn victim is in constant pain and cannot
concentrate on his environment.
c. A confused patient panics at the sight of
doctors and nurses probing his body.
5.Cultural care deprivation is a lack of culturally
assistive, supportive, or facilitative acts (e.g., touch-
ing is viewed as a natural and welcome custom in
certain cultures, while in other cultures it is taboo).
6.Sample answers:
a.Infant: Soothing sounds, rocking, holding and
changing position, changing patterns of light
and shade, developing appropriate play
b.Adult: Use of music, poetry, drama to alleviate
boredom
c. Elderly: Use of art classes or organizing a book
club in a nursing home
7.Sample answers:
a.Patient will report feeling safe and in control of
his/her environment.
b.Patient will verbalize acceptance of the sensory
deficit.
8.Sample answer:
This patient is suffering from sensory deprivation.
Measures should be taken to stimulate as many
senses as possible. The curtains could be opened to
allow light into the room; soft music could be
played to stimulate auditory functioning; flavorful
meals could be prepared to stimulate taste; flowers,
cards, and pictures could be displayed to stimulate
visual functioning.- a.Avoid damage from UV rays.
b.Use caution with aerosol sprays.
c. Have regular eye examinations and tests for
glaucoma.
d.Know the danger signals that indicate serious
eye problems.
10.Sample answers:
a.Visual: Read different types of books to the
child; limit television watching; plan various
outings.
b.Auditory: Teach the child songs; play records;
join a storytelling group.
c. Olfactory: Have child identify different odors;
prepare enticing meals and savor the aromas.
d.Gustatory: Encourage the child to experiment
with different foods with varying colors, tastes,
shapes, and textures; introduce finger foods
into diet.
e.Tactile: Use games and sports to increase body
contact with child; demonstrate affection by
hugging, holding child in lap, and so on.
11.Sample answers:
a.Developmental considerations: The adult may
experience the need to compensate for the loss
of one type of stimulation by increasing other
sources of sensory stimuli.
b.Culture and lifestyle: An individual’s culture
may dictate how much sensory stimulation is
considered normal.
c. Personality: Different personality types demand
different levels of stimulation.
d.Stress: Increased sensory stimulation may be
sought during periods of high stress.
e.Illness and medication: Illness can affect the
reception of sensory stimuli; medications that
alert or depress the central nervous system may
interfere with the perception of sensory stimuli.
12.Sample answers:
a.Stimulation: Assess for recent changes in
sensory stimulation if the type of stimulation
present is developmentally appropriate.
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