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2. Waiver of Forfeiture ............................................................................................................... 619


3. Pardons .................................................................................................................................. 619
   G. Scope of Subsequent Disqualification ......................................................................................... 619
   H. Guilty Pleas ................................................................................................................................. 619
   II. APPLICABILITY OF CONSCIENTIOUS EMPLOYEE PROTECTION ACT AND LAW
   AGAINST DISCRIMINATION ...................................................................................................... 620
   III. FORFEITURE ARISING FROM IMMUNIZED TESTIMONY OR REFUSAL TO TESTIFY 620
   A. Statutory Provisions ..................................................................................................................... 620
   B. Constitutionality ......................................................................................................................... 620
   C. Procedures .................................................................................................................................... 620
   D. Purging Previous Refusal to Testify ............................................................................................. 620
   E. Definition of Public Employee .................................................................................................... 620
   F. Matters Directly Related to the Conduct of Office ..................................................................... 621
   G. Prosecutor’s Discretion to Seek Removal .................................................................................... 621
   H. Conflict With Other Statutory Provisions and Ordinances ....................................................... 621
   I. Application of These Statutes to Administrative Proceedings ...................................................... 621
   J. Applicability of Criminal Defenses .............................................................................................. 621
   IV. CIVIL SERVICE ............................................................................................................................... 621
   V. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS .................................................................................................. 6 21

RESISTING ARREST (See also, FLIGHT, ELUDING, ESCAPE, SELF-DEFENSE, this Digest) .......... 622

I. GENERALLY ...................................................................................................................................... 622

A. Lawful arrests ............................................................................................................................... 623

B. Unlawful arrests ........................................................................................................................... 623

II. DEFENSES ........................................................................................................................................ 623

RESTITUTION.......................................................................................................................................... 624

RETROACTIVITY...................................................................................................................................... 627

I. GENERAL PRINCIPLES ................................................................................................................... 627

A. Federal Retroactivity Law ............................................................................................................ 627

B. State Retroactivity Law ................................................................................................................ 628

II. DEGREE OF RETROACTIVE EFFECT ........................................................................................ 629

III. SECOND-STAGE RETROACTIVITY .......................................................................................... 629

IV. SPECIFIC APPLICATION OF RETROACTIVITY CRITERIA ................................................... 629

A. Search and Seizure ....................................................................................................................... 629

B. Miranda and the Fifth and Sixth Amendments .......................................................................... 630

C. Other Retroactivity Decisions ..................................................................................................... 630

ROBBERY (Robbery is defined in N.J.S.A. 2C:15-1). ................................................................................. 632

I. Elements .............................................................................................................................................. 632

A. Attempted Robbery ..................................................................................................................... 632

B. Robbery ....................................................................................................................................... 632

1. Larceny Element .................................................................................................................... 632