Index 1067Vitamin A concentrate, production 655
Vitamin B 12 416, 417
–, coenzyme, mechanism 532, 533
–, occurrence 409(T)
Vitamin B 1 ,
–, degradation reaction 412, 412
–, determination 413, 413
–, loss 412(T)
–, loss during food processing 403(T)
–, occurrence 409(T)
Vitamin B 2 102, 102
–, loss during food processing 403(T)
–, stability 413
Vitamin B 6 413, 414
–, occurrence 409(T)
–, stability 424
Vitamin C 417, 418
–, dried fruit 849, 850, 850(T)
–, fruit juice 853(T)
–, loss 419, 419, 420(F)
–, loss during food processing 403(T)
–, occurrence 409(T)
–, pickled vegetable 802
–, sauerkraut 803
Vitamin D 406, 406
–, determination 233
–, occurrence 409(T)
Vitamin D 2 406, 406
Vitamin D 3 406, 406
–, formation from 7-dehydrocholesterol 229, 230(F)
Vitamin E 407, 408
–, occurrence 409(T)
Vitamin K, biological activity 408, 411
Vitamin K 1411
–, occurrence 409(T)
Vitispiran 243, 244
VLDL 184
Vodka 935
Volatile, spice 971, 971(T)
Volatilecompound,Maillardreaction 274
Vomitoxin 473 , 474(T)
Vulgaxanthin 797, 797
Walnut, chemical composition 816(T)
–, oil 651(T), 653
Warmed over flavor, formation 608, 608(T)
–, meat 595, 596(T)
Water, coordination number 002, 002(T)
–, density 002
–, determination, NIR 706(T)
–, dissociation 002
–, H-bridge 002
–, molecular geometry 001(F)
–, orbital model 001(F)
–, structure 001
–, unfrozen 005, 006(T)
Water (see also drinking water)
Water activity, browning, nonenzymatic 004, 004(F)
–, food preservation 003
–, food quality 003,004(T)
–, lipid peroxidation 004, 004(F)
–, moisture content 004(T)
–, range 004
–, storage stability003(F)
Water binding, desorption isotherm 004(F)
–, sorption isotherm 004(F)
Water binding capacity, protein 061
Water content, enzyme activity 137, 137(T)
–, food 001(T)
Water holding capacity, meat 590, 591, 592(F),
598(F)
Water molecule, coordination 001(F)
–, hydrogen bond 001, 001(F), 002
Water retention, protein 061, 061
Watercress, aroma substance 791
Wax 186
–, fruit 820
Wax ester, analysis 666(F)
Waxy corn 317(T)
Waxy corn starch, gelatinization behavior 317(T)
Weiss beer, Bavarian 903
–, Berlin 903
Whale 636
Whale meat extract 040(T), 602
Whale oil 644
–, fatty acid composition 644(T)
Wheat,
–, amylase 695, 696(T)
–, arabinoxylan hydrolase 698
–, ascorbic acid oxidase 698, 699(T)
–, baking quality, gluten protein 690(F)
–, carbohydrate 701
–, carotinoid 705
–, catalase 698
–, cellulose 703
–, chemical composition 675(T)
–, cultivar difference, HMW subunit 692, 694(F)
–, cysteinyl glycine 699, 699(T)
–, differentiation of wheat cultivar 676(F), 682(F)
–, dough making, microscopy 726, 728(F)
–, dough strengthening 723(F), 730, 731(F)
–, enzyme 695
–, flour, air classification 709
–, flour extraction rate 709(T)
–, friabilin 695
–, glucofructan 703
–, glutamyl cysteine 699, 699(T)
–, glutathione, protein-bound 699, 700(T)
–, glutathione dehydrogenase 698, 698 , 699(T)
–, gluten 673
–, gluten protein 680
–, glutenin 679