Key 11.11A-11.13E3.4B 'The' to refer to things that are unique (not
place names)
1 The Times... The Washington Post
2 The Economist... Time magazine 3 The New
Yorker... Punch 4 the human race ... man ... the
dinosaurs 5 The Graduate ... Jaws 6 the gods ...
God 7 (The) Odyssey... Ulysses 8 The United
Nations ... Congress 9 the Titanic 10 the Navy ...
the Army 11 the French Revolution
12 the President 13 President 14 the climate3.4C Context
1 The 2 a 3 the 4 the 5 The 6 a 7 The
8 the 9 an 10 the 11 an 12 an 13 a 14 the
15 the
3.6С Zero article or 'the' with place names
1 the Dark Ages ... Medieval Europe 2 Central Asia
... the Arctic 3 Brazil... Argentina ... the USA
4 London ... Paris ... Vienna 5 Montague Road
6 Brown's ... the Hilton 7 Bavaria ... Ohio
8 London ... Buckingham Palace 9 the Alps ... Mont
Blanc 10the Sahara 11 the Nile ... Luxor 12 Lake
Geneva 13 Leoni's ... the Globe Theatre 14 Oxford
Street... Oxford Circus 15 London Bridge3.6D Context
1 the 2 (-) 3 (-) 4 a/the 5 (-) 6 (-) 7 (-) 8 (-)
9 (-) 10(-).11the 12 the 13 (-) 14 the 15 the
16 the 17 (-) 18 (-)3.5 The zero article (1)3.5A Basic uses of the zero article (0): 'Life is
short'
1 (-) 2 The 3(-) 4 the ...(-) 5 (-) 6 the 7 (-)
8 the ...(-) 9 (-)... the 10 (-)... the 11 (-)
12 the ...(-) 13(-) 14 (-) 15 The 16 (-)...(-)
17 (-) 18 (-)...(-) 19 (-) 20 The ...(-)...(-)
21 (-)...(-) 22 (-)...(-) 23 the 24 (-)... (-)3.5B The zero article with names and titles:
'Mr Pym'
The following need an X:
1 We use nothing if we are addressing a stranger, or
Mr+ surname if we know it. In American English,
we might use Sir.
3 Mrs cannot be followed by a first name.
6 Not normal use: old-fashioned.
7 This use of Mrs is not generally considered polite.
9 Sir John Falstaff. (Title + first name (+ surname)
[> 3.5B, note 4])3.5С Context
1 (-) 2 (-) 3 (-) 4 an 5 (-) 6 the 7 The 8 a
9 (-) 10 The 11 the 12 (-) 13 the 14 the
15 (-) 16 (-) 17 (-) 18 (-) 19 (-) 20 (-) 21 (-)
22 (-) 23 (-) 24 (-) 25 (-) 26 The 27 the3.6 The zero article (2)3.6A Zero article for parts of the day ('at dawn')
and for meals ('for lunch')
1 (-) 2 (-) 3 (-) 4 (-) 5 The 6(-) 7 (-) 8 (-)
9 the 10 a3.6B Zero article for e.g. 'She's at school' and
'He's in hospital'
1 (-) 2 the 3 (-) 4 a 5 the 6 (-) 7 a 8 (-)
9 (-) 10(-) 11 (-) 12 (-) 13 the 14 a 15 the
16(-)4 Pronouns
4.1 Personal pronouns4.1 A Subject and object pronouns
1 Your parcel ... It 2 Jane and I ... We 3 that? ... It s
4 Jane Wilson? ... She's 5 a baby! ...it 6 cat... Its
7 John ... him 8 Catherine ... her4.1 В Subject or object pronoun?
1 me/him/her/us/them 2 Me/Him/Her/Us/Them
3 me/us 4 Me/Us 5 me/I 6 than me/I am ... I
7 I... me/I am4.1 С Gender in relation to animals, things and
countries
1 She 2 It 3 it/her 4 she/it 5 it/one 6 she/it
7 He/It 8 it 9 It 10 She 11 He 12 It/She4.1 D Context
1 you 2 it 3 who 4 him 5 they 6 me 7 I 8 he
9 He 10 he 11 you 12 They 13 you 14 him
15 them4.2 'One'4.2A 'One' and 'you'
The moment you get into the mountains, you are on
your own. You have to rely on yourself i or everything.
This means you have to carry all your own food,
though, of course, you can get pure drinking water
from mountain streams. You won't see any local
people for days at a time, so you can't get help if
you're lost. You have to do your best to find sheltered
places to spend the night.