LONGMAN ENGLISH GRAMMAR PRACTICE

2 Nouns

2.5 Number (singular and plural) (1)

2.5A Nouns with plurals ending in -s or -es: 'friends', 'matches' [> LEG 2.20,2.21]

Study:

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Write: Write the plurals of these nouns in the columns below to show their pronunciation.

address, beach, bottle, cinema, clock, guitar, hotel, island, lake, light, month, office, park, piece,

smile, space, tape, village.

M /z/ /iz/

1 7 ¿ОШ^. 13

2 8 ,.: ....:..:.:.... .14 v...« ;

3 : 9 15

4 10 16

5 11 17

6 12 18

1 We add -s to form the plural of most nouns.

We pronounce -s as /s/ after these sounds: /f/ chiefs; /к/ cakes; /р/ taps; Д/ pets; /6/ months.

We pronounce -s as /z/ after these sounds: /Ь/ verbs; /d/ friends; /g/ bags; /1/ bells; /m/ names;

/п/ lessons; /V songs; vowel (a, e, i, o, u) + s: eyes, or vowel sound + r: chairs.

2 We add -es after nouns ending in -o: potato - potatoes; -s: class - classes;

-x: box - boxes; -ch: match - matches; -sh: dish - dishes.

We do not pronounce e in plurals like: cakes, clothes, tables, names, eyes.

We pronounce the plural as /iz/ after these sounds:

/z/: noises;/d^/: oranges;/s/: buses;/J/: dishes; /tJ/: matches; /ks/: boxes.

2.5B

Study:

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Write:

Nouns with plurals ending in -s or -es: 'countries', 'knives'

[> LEG 2.20, 2.23, 2.36]

1 Consonant (b, c, d, etc.) + -y becomes -ies: country/countries, strawberry/strawberries.

2 Vowel (a, e, о and u) + -y adds an -s: days, keys, boys, guys.

Proper nouns (names spelt with a capital letter) ending in -yjust add an -s:

Have you met the Kennedys? The last four Januarys have been very cold.

3 We change the ending -f or -fe into -ves in the plural with the following nouns:

calf/calves, half/halves, knife/knives, leaf/leaves, life/lives, loaf/loaves, self/selves,

sheaf/sheaves, shelf/shelves, thief/thieves, wife/wives and wolf/wolves.

4 We add -s or -ves to: hoof- hoofs/hooves, scarf - scarfs/scarves.

5 We just add -sto: handkerchief/handkerchiefs, roof/roofs.

Rewrite these sentences in the plural making necessary changes.

1 This cherry is very sweet. 4 The leaf is turning yellow.

çfàttiM.. СИЪ.

2 I've lost my key. 5 The roof has been damaged.

3 This knife is blunt. 6 We have a Henry in our family.

We have three