Interior Lighting for Designers

Specular reflection is a primary tech- nique for modifying and controlling the direc- tion and distribution emitted by a light s ...

contoursto redistribute light that would be otherwise misdirected or trapped. Other reflector contours Compound contours, which ...

Diffuse reflectors The reflection of light from a perfectly dif- fuse, flat surface is multidirectional, giving a circular distr ...

INTERIOR LIGHTING FOR DESIGNERS Figure 9.9Diffuse reflector techniques. ...

duced by reflecting contours. Because the light source remains visible, materials such as clear glass and plastic are ineffectiv ...

Figure 9.14Deviation with index of refraction. Figure 9.15Prismatic action. Figure 9.16A lens is a system of prisms. Figure 9.13 ...

LIGHT CONTROL Figure 9.17Convex lens. Figure 9.18Concave lens. Figure 9.19Fresnel lens. ...

Prisms A beam of light is displaced at the surface of a transmitting material. If the material is formed with two parallel “face ...

point where the diverging rays from the source are refracted to produce a parallel beam of light (figure 9.17). Theconcave(negat ...

INTERIOR LIGHTING FOR DESIGNERS Figure 9.22Baffles. Figure 9.23Louvers. ...

Figure 9.24Shielding angle. Figure 9.25Corrective solutions. ...

ded into other materials without loss of light from the sides. Optical fibers are combined in two kinds of bundles: coherent and ...

the perimeter provides shielding from all directions. Louversare a series of baffles or shield- ing elements placed in a geometr ...

losses at the reflector surface. Because a greater portion of the emitted light is brought under control and redirected, however ...

Photometrics It is impossible to see a footcandle. What is seen is luminance, which is a function of the amount of light falling ...

Brightnessis what we perceive. It is a subjective attribute perceived in varying degrees of intensity. Reflected light was for- ...

philosopher Johann Heinrich Lambert (1728– 1777), exhibit this property; thus, it is appro- priate to measure exitance only for ...

the luminaire; sometimes either a third plane at 45° or three planes at 22½° inter- vals are added (figure 10.2). Reflector lamp ...

recommended illuminance values may be misleading because a dull or gloomy envi- ronment will be unsatisfactory. True illuminance ...

from those of younger persons in two ways: (1) the lens of the eye thickens, decreasing the eye’s ability to change its shape to ...