Interior Lighting for Designers

Lamp-ballast circuits, fluorescent lamps, 83–86.See
alsoBallast systems
Lamp efficacy, summary table, 255
Lamp life:
fluorescent lamps, 91
high-intensity discharge (HID) lamps, 97
incandescent lamps, 68
Lamp lumen depreciation (LLD):
illuminance calculations, 130
table, 262–263
Lens:
eye, 4–6
refraction, 113, 114–115
Lensed wall-washers, asymmetric wash lights, 171,
172–175, 176
Life cycle costs, electricity, 138–139
Light:
direction and distribution of, 25–31
elements of, psychology, 14, 16–18
emotional impact, 11
visible, perception, 3–6
Light control, 105–120
glare, 118–120
reflection, 105–109 (See alsoReflection)
refraction, 111–118 (See alsoRefraction)
transmission, 109, 111
Light loss factor (LLF), illuminance calculations, 130
Light measurement.SeePhotometrics
Light output:
fluorescent lamps, 91
high-intensity discharge (HID) lamps, 97
incandescent lamps, 68–69
Linear wall-wash lights, 179–182
Louvers:
glare control, 116, 119
object lights, 197
rectilinear fluorescent downlights, 168
shading devices, 58–59
Low-contrast environment, 12–13, 14
Low-load degree of stimulation, 11–12
Low-pressure sodium (LPS) lamps, described, 97–98
Low-voltage control systems, 147
Low-voltage incandescent lamps:
described, 75–77
dimming control, 144–145
Lumen-maintenance controls, energy management
controls, 148
Luminaire(s), 149–208
downlights:
luminous ceilings, 168–169
point source, 154–166
rectilinear fluorescent downlights, 166–168
spacing criterion, 168
housings, 149–154
light direction and distribution, 25–31

luminous intensity distribution curve, 123–124

multidirectional, 198, 202–208

decorative, 202, 204–208

direct-indirect, 198, 202

object lights, 186–197, 194–197

task lights, 197–201

visual clarity, 210–213

wash lights, 169–193

asymmetric, 169–178

ceiling plane, 182–193

linear, 179–182

Luminaire dirt depreciation (LDD):

illuminance calculations, 130

table, 265

Luminaire maintenance categories, table, 264

Luminance:

brightness, 6, 8

brightness compared, 25

photometrics, 121

Luminance ratios, design, balance of brightness, 234,

236

Luminous ceilings, downlights, 168–169

Luminous intensity distribution curve, photometrics,

123–124

M

Magnetic transformer, described, 99–100

Magnetic-transformer low-voltage dimmer, 145

Manual switch control, 139–140

Matte vertical surface illumination, design, 216–218

Measurement.SeePhotometrics

Mercury switch, 139

Mercury vapor, high-intensity discharge (HID) light,

49, 93

Mesopic vision, 5

Metal halide lamps:

color, 49

high-intensity discharge (HID) lamps, 93–94

Motorized controls, shading devices, 57–58

Movable controls, shading devices, 57–58

Multidirectional light, 25, 27, 29–30

Multidirectional luminaires, 198, 202–208

decorative, 202, 204–208

direct-indirect, 198–202

Multifaceted mirror-reflector (MR) lamp, 76–77

Myopic vision, 5

N

Neon, cold-cathode fluorescent lamp, 82

Nondirectional incandescent lamps, 69, 70, 71

O

Object lights, 186–197, 194–197

INDEX