Nursing Law and Ethics

obligations, ethical analysis 153, 154±5
Ombudsman 53±4, 56
outcomes, ethical analysis 153, 154±5

pain, damages for 84
parentalism 2paternalism) 23, 125, 170
parents, critically ill children 195±6, 197,
198±200, 201, 202
Parliament 2European), statutes 7±8
Parliament 2UK), statutes 3±6, 14±15
part-time workers 15±16
paternalism 23, 125, 170
patient advocacy 116±18, 129, 181, 285
patient empowerment 61, 70±1, 213
Patient Liaison and Advocacy Service
2PALS) 56, 235±6
permanentvegetativestate2PVS)14,206±7,
220±22
person, respect for 22±3, 213
personal accountability 96±7
personal ethics 91±3
personal information, clinical research 260,
261
personalitydisordersufferers177±8,191±2
philosophical ethics 21±2, 26±8
nursing research 279±80
resource problems 151±7
utilitarianism 23±5
virtues 28±9
placebo controlled trials 260
preferences, respecting clients' 21±2
pregnant women
clinical research 267±8
ethical duty of care 95±6
refusal of treatment 105±11, 162±3, 203,
216±17
treatment under MHA 109±11, 162±3
prescribing, standard of care 79
Primary Care Trusts 68±9
primary legislation 4
private health care sector 54±5, 75±6
professional codesseeCode of Practice;
Code of Professional Conduct
professional confidence 144±5, 146±7,
154±5
professional indemnity insurance 76
professional regulation 15, 31±2, 236
21st century contexts 41±6
challenges to systems of 36±8
effect of 1999 Health Act 38±9, 42
medicine 35±7, 42

near-miss reporting 248±9

NHS Plan 43±4

nursing 32±5, 37±8, 39±41

draft Nursing and Midwifery Order

44±6

legal contexts 15, 16±17

near-miss reporting 248

professional defensiveness 42±3

public involvement 35, 40±41, 42±3,

44±5, 55

single body for 38±9, 41, 43, 46

stakeholder 41, 44±5

seealsocomplaints

professional self-regulation 35±6, 37±8, 39,

236, 249±50

proof, negligence cases 86

protocols, and civil liability 80

psychological harm

employment law 16

negligence 83

psychosurgery 166, 167, 188

psychotherapy 189

public interest

disclosurein16,144±7,148,154±5,157,

249

utilitarianism 23±5

public 2lay) involvement

complaints procedures 53, 55

NHS Plan 235±6

professional regulation 40±41, 42±3,

44±5

research ethics committees 263

qualifications, EU law 7

quality of services, clinical governancesee

clinical governance

quantum, assessment 83±6

questions, answering patients' 115±16

randomised control trials 2RCTs)

consent to 258±60

value judgements 243

refusal of treatment 104±9

advance directives 170, 204±6, 208,

217±18

critically ill patients

children 198±9

competent adults 202±3

ethics 214±17

incapacitated adults 204±6

teenagers 201±2

302 Index