NOTES, BOOK'/. 6. I9
A~,+S$ (11. xiii. 358, 9), and in iv. 10. 5 ~,--rvpawibr 8' ri8q 8w
G~ iv 0;s rrrpi FaorXcias &cuKoroi+v, %rh TA riv Ghvapv
&d~aiwtcv rus ah& xai rrpbs + ,QauAdav. vi. I. 5 3,-raGra
m&va{dpcva lrocci T&S rroXirrias ilraMdmccv, ismc ciprsroxparias TC
d~~yapphs chc rrai rroXcrciar %qpKparim&pas. See also infra c. 9.
g 15. Virtue and power are opposed: but from one point of
view the arguments cross over or pass into one another, because
there is an element of virtue in power and of power in virtue.
Cp. Plat. Rep. i. 352 ff.
A& +p rob, K.T.X. The translation given in the text nearly agrees
with that of Bernays : the phrase rohav ri)v Xbyav in 8 4 refers, not
to the 706s Xdyous of 3, but to the two positions which imme-
diately precede ; the first, that justice is benevolence ; the second,
that justice is the rule of a superior. These two positions, according
to Aristotle, have a common ground, which explains why such a
difference of opinion can exist (8 3). This common ground is the
connexion between 6;7..$ and pia; the point in dispute being
whether the principle of justice is benevolence or power ($8 3, 4).
If these two propositions are simply kept apart and not allowed to
combine, there will follow the silly and unmeaning result that the
superior in virtue is not entitled to rule : ' but there is no force or
plausibility in this ' [and therefore they cannot be kept apart, but
must be combined]. Aristotle is arguing from his own strong con-
viction, which is repeated again and again in the Politics, that the
superior in virtue has a right to rule. He continues : 'There are
others who maintain that what is legal is just; but they contradict
themsehres, for what is allowed by law may be in a higher sense
illegal. Captives taken in war are by law usually enslaved, yet the
war may be unjust, and the persons may be 'nature's freemen,'
and unworthy to be made slaves. But all these views are untenable;
and SO Aristotle shews negatively that his own view (expressed in
C. 6. $5 I and 3) is right, namely, that there is a slavery which is
natural and just, because based on the superior virtue of the
master, and therefore combining power and right; and that there
is a slavery which is unnatural and unjust, because based on mere
violence; also that the argument from the right of the conqueror
is invalid.
cz
wang
(Wang)
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