Notes
1 Opening the Black Box of Peer Review
- A general analysis of the system of peer review and of other means
of allocating resources within academia can be found in Chubin and
Hackett (2003). On various reward systems and gatekeepers, see also Crane
(1976). - Cognitive psychologists and organizational behavior experts also focus
on the identification of success, intelligence, creativity, and the development
of excellent individuals. See, for example, Csikszentmihalyi (1996); Gardner
(1999); Goleman, Boyatzis, and McKee (2002); and Ericsson (1996). - This approach is akin to that described in Latour (1988), Hennion
(2004), Heinich (1996), and Rosental (2003) on the recognition of intellectual
and cultural outputs. See also Frickel and Gross (2005) and Lamont (1987).
On conventions, see Becker (1982). - My approach to evaluative cultures builds on Fleck’s classic bookGene-
sis and Development of a Scientific Fact(1979),which brought attention to the
importance of “thought style” produced by “thought collectives.” He also
wrote about the “disciplined shared mood of scientific thought” (144). - Social scientists use the term “cultural scripts” to refer to widely avail-
able notions that individuals draw on to make sense of reality. On “scripts” in
higher education, I draw on the work of John Meyer and his associates (2006),
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