Pediatric Nursing Demystified

• Check chart for signed informed consent forms.


• Check identification band with surgical personnel to ensure
  identity.


• Ensure side rails are securely fastened.


• Use restraints for transport.


• Check laboratory values for signs of systemic alterations.


• Bathe and groom the child.


• Provide mouth care for comfort while NPO.


• Cleanse operative site with prescribed method.


• Administer antibiotics as ordered.


• Remove jewelry, makeup, and prosthetics as needed.


• Check for loose teeth.


• Institute preoperative teaching to reduce anxiety.


• Prepare child and family for postoperative procedures such as
  nasogastric tube, wound care, and monitoring apparatus.


• Administer preoperative sedation.
  Provide postoperative care for the child undergoing cardiac surgery:


• Make sure child is in safe position of comfort according to the
  physician’s order.


• Perform stat orders.


• Use proper handwashing.


• Assess wound for bleeding and signs of infection.


• Provide appropriate wound care.


• Assess breath sounds.


• Perform neurological checks.


• Take frequent vital signs.


• Administer fluids to prevent hypotension.


• Monitor fluids losses through chest tube.


• Administer pharmacologic support as ordered.


• Monitor electrolytes and supplement with infusion as ordered.


• Administer sedatives and analgesics for comfort.


• Allow caregivers to visit as soon as possible.


• Explain procedures and equipment to caregivers.


• Encourage caregivers to ask questions.


• Involve child life specialist and social services in the care to support
  the child and family.

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

What Went Wrong?

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) occurs when the artery connecting the aorta

and the pulmonary artery in fetal circulation fails to close during the first few

weeks of life. The continued patency allows blood from the aorta to flow back

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CHAPTER 6/ Cardiovascular Conditions^103