Treatment
Acute:- Administer antibiotics for 10 days.
- Administer diuretics to reduce edema.
- Administer corticosteroids to reduce the inflammatory response.
- Administer antihypertensive medication to reduce blood pressure.
- Low-sodium, low-protein diet to prevent fluid retention.
- Fluid restriction.
- Dialysis if the patient experiences renal failure.
Chronic: - Administer corticosteroids to reduce the inflammatory response.
- Administer antihypertensive medication to reduce blood pressure.
- Low-sodium, low-protein diet to prevent fluid retention.
- Fluid restriction.
- Dialysis or kidney transplant if the patient experiences renal
failure. - For hyperkalemia:
For emergency reduction of potassium, administer insulin, hypertonic
glucose, and calcium gluconate.
To remove potassium, administer sodium polystyrene sulfonate
(Kayexalate).
Nursing Intervention
Strict intake and output
Daily weights
Acute:- Provide a quiet environment.
- Monitor vital signs and report changes to the health-care provider.
- Explain to the family the importance of a low-salt, low-protein, and
fluid-restricted diet, and teach the family not to stop administering
antibiotics when the child’s condition improves.
Chronic: - Monitor for signs of hyperkalemia (muscle weakness, paresthesia,
anorexia, and malaise). - Explain to the family the importance of a low-salt, low-protein, low-
potassium, and fluid-restricted diet and the importance of ongoing
monitoring of the child by their health-care provider.
Nursing alert Monitor for renal failure where urine output <1 mL/kg per hour
in infants and <0.5 mL/kg per hour in children, and creatinine, BUN, and urine
creatinine clearance are elevated.(^262) Pediatric Nursing Demystified