Gay, lesbian, or bisexual youth may experience barriers in developing
self-identity.
Secondary characteristics in girls may develop in an expected pattern of
five phases called the Tanner stages:- Stage 1 (prepubescence): Elevation of breast papilla, no pubic hair
- Stage 2: Breast bud stage with areolar diameter enlargement; sparse
growth of pubic hair along labia - Stage 3: Further enlargement of breast and areola; darker hair,
coarse, sparse growth over entire pubis in triangle shape - Stage 4: Breast and areola project; coarse denser pubic hair restricted
to pubic area - Stage 5: Mature breast configuration with blending of areolar into
breast contour; adult growth of pubic hair spread to inner thigh
Teen Years
Age range: 13 to 20 years (up to 22 years)Physical Milestones
Experiences changes in body image due to rapid changes of puberty and
secondary sex characteristics- Girls experience menstruation, if not started earlier.
- Girls’ peak growth spurt ends about age 18.
- Boys develop body hair and experience voice changes.
- Boys experience growth spurt (ends age 16) with high metabolic
needs and large appetites.
Hormone changes can cause acne and increased perspiration.
Social Milestones
Greater focus on personal and interpersonal characteristics, beliefs, and
emotional states while developing a sense of self and identity separate
from parents.
Moral development with questioning of values is noted; spiritual devel-
opment with questioning of family values and ideals noted.
Becomes less egocentric as age increases; better able to sympathize with
others
Focus on mixed-gender friendships increases.Emotional Growth
Demonstrates great rebellion against parents in attempt to gain increased
autonomy and assert own identity.CHAPTER 2/ Growth and Development^25