Encyclopedia of Buddhism

3. Volition (cetana
   )


4. Contact (spars ́a)


5. Attention (manaska
   ra)


6. DESIRE(chanda)


7. Inclination or aspiration (adhimoksa)


8. MINDFULNESS(smrti)


9. Concentration (sama
   dhi)


10. Comprehension (mati,prajña
    )

Ten factors accompany every wholesome thought;
these are the wholesome factors of large extent
(kus ́alamaha
bhu
mika). They are:

1. FAITH(s ́raddha
   )


2. Diligence (aprama
   da)


3. Repose (pras ́rabdhi)


4. Equanimity (upeksa)


5. Shame, with reference to oneself (hr
   l)


6. Aversion, with reference to other people’s bad
   actions (apatra
   pya)


7. Noncovetousness (alobha)


8. Nonmalevolence (advesa)


9. Nonviolence (ahimsa
   )


10. Strenuousness (v
    lrya)

Six factors accompany every defiled thought; these are
the defiled factors of large extent (kles ́amaha
bhu
mika).
They are:

1. Confusion (moha)


2. Negligence (aprama
   da)


3. Mental dullness (kaus
   ldya)


4. Nonbelief (a
   s ́raddhya)


5. Sloth (stya
   na)


6. Frivolity (auddhatya)

Two factors accompany every unwholesome thought;
these are called unwholesome factors of large extent
(akus ́alamaha
bhu
mika). They are:

1. Shamelessness (a
   hrl
   kya)


2. Lack of modesty (anapatra
   pya)

Ten defiled factors of limited extent (upakles ́apar
ltta-

bhu
mika), which may occur at various times, are:

1. Anger (krodha)


2. Hypocrisy (mraksa)


3. Stinginess (ma
   tsarya)


4. Envy (l
   rsya
   )


5. Ill-motivated rivalry (prada
   sa)


6. The causing of harm (vihimsa
   )


7. Enmity (upana
   ha)


8. Deceit (ma
   ya
   )


9. Trickery (s ́a
   thya)


10. Arrogance (mada)

Eight undetermined (aniyata) factors have variant

moral implications and may accompany either a

wholesome, unwholesome, or indeterminate thought.

They are:

1. Initial thought (vitarka)


2. Discursive thought (vica
   ra)


3. Drowsiness (middha)


4. Remorse (kaukrtya)


5. Greed (ra
   ga)


6. Hatred (pratigha)


7. Pride (ma
   na)


8. DOUBT(vicikitsa
   ) about the teaching

Fourteen factors are neither material nor mental and

are dissociated from thought (cittaviprayukta). They

are:

1. Acquisition (pra
   pti), a force that controls the
   collection of elements in an individual life-
   continuum, which links an acquired object
   with its owner


2. Dispossession (apra
   pti), which separates an ac-
   quired object from its owner


3. Homogeneity (sabha
   gata
   )


4. Nonperception (a
   samjñika), a force that leads
   one to the attainment of nonperception


5. Attainment of nonperception (asamjñisama
   -
   patti), which is produced by the effort to enter
   trance after having stopped perceptions

DHARMA ANDDHARMAS