By the spread of exclusive faith in the Lotus,
Nichiren taught, the buddha land could be realized in
this present world. Especially in the twentieth century,
this goal inspired a number of modern and contem-
porary Lotus-or Nichiren-based movements, which
have assimilated Nichiren’s vision of transforming this
world into a buddha land to a range of political and
humanitarian agendas. These groups include the small
ascetic monastic order Nipponzan Myohoji, which is
committed to the antinuclear movement and to ab-
solute nonviolence, as well as the large lay movements
RisshoKosei Kai and SOKAGAKKAI, which engage in
various local and international peace, educational, and
relief projects.
See also:Chanting and Liturgy; Folk Religion: An
Overview; Gender; Scripture
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